Efficient optical pumping of Zeeman spin levels in

Afzelius, Mikael; Staudt, M. U.; Riedmatten, Hugues de; Gisin, Nicolas; Guillot-Noël, O.; Goldner, Philippe; Marino, Robert A.; Porcher, P.; Cavalli, Enrico; Bettinelli, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2009.12.026

Cited by 32 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The branching ratio β 32 in Fig. S2 was extracted from the absorption spectra of the transitions 1-3 and 1-2, which agree with the theoretical Spin Hamiltonian calculations (24) (blue curve). The optical pumping laser was polarized along the c axis, and was on for a sufficiently long time such that a maximal spin polarization was achieved.…”

Section: Extracting Nd:yvo Optical Pumping Propertiessupporting

confidence: 78%

Nanophotonic rare-earth quantum memory with optically controlled retrieval

Zhong

Kindem

Bartholomew

et al. 2017

Science

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269

207

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Optical quantum memories are essential elements in quantum networks for long-distance distribution of quantum entanglement. Scalable development of quantum network nodes requires on-chip qubit storage functionality with control of the readout time. We demonstrate a high-fidelity nanophotonic quantum memory based on a mesoscopic neodymium ensemble coupled to a photonic crystal cavity. The nanocavity enables >95% spin polarization for efficient initialization of the atomic frequency comb memory and time bin–selective readout through an enhanced optical Stark shift of the comb frequencies. Our solid-state memory is integrable with other chip-scale photon source and detector devices for multiplexed quantum and classical information processing at the network nodes.

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Section: Extracting Nd:yvo Optical Pumping Propertiessupporting

confidence: 78%

Nanophotonic rare-earth quantum memory with optically controlled retrieval

Zhong

Kindem

Bartholomew

et al. 2017

Science

Self Cite

269

207

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“…By pumping for a long time with respect to the excited state lifetime T and that the branching ratio of the two optical transitions is high enough as discussed thoroughly in Refs. [19,50,51].…”

Section: B Spectral Hole Decay Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral hole lifetimes and spin population relaxation dynamics in neodymium-doped yttrium orthosilicate

et al. 2017

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We present a detailed study of the lifetime of optical spectral holes due to population storage in Zeeman sublevels of Nd 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 . The lifetime is measured as a function of magnetic field strength and orientation, temperature, and Nd 3+ doping concentration. At the lowest temperature of 3 K we find a general trend where the lifetime is short at low field strengths, then increases to a maximum lifetime at a few hundred mT, and then finally decays rapidly for high field strengths. This behavior can be modeled with a relaxation rate dominated by Nd 3+ -Nd 3+ cross relaxation at low fields and spin lattice relaxation at high magnetic fields. The maximum lifetime depends strongly on both the field strength and orientation, due to the competition between these processes and their different angular dependencies. The cross relaxation limits the maximum lifetime for concentrations as low as 30 ppm of Nd 3+ ions. By decreasing the concentration to less than 1 ppm we could completely eliminate the cross relaxation, reaching a lifetime of 3.8 s at 3 K. At higher temperatures the spectral hole lifetime is limited by the magnetic-field-independent Raman and Orbach processes. In addition we show that the cross relaxation rate can be strongly reduced by creating spectrally large holes of the order of the optical inhomogeneous broadening. Our results are important for the development and design of new rare-earth-ion doped crystals for quantum information processing and narrow-band spectral filtering for biological tissue imaging.

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“…These measurements are then used to assess the ACSS as a tool for REI quantum optics. In particular, we discuss using the large ACSS to realize all-optical quantum memories based on the hybrid photon echo rephasing (HYPER) protocol [30] and the atomic frequency comb (AFC) [31], and cross phase modulation using the protocol suggested in Ref. [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling rare-earth ions in a nanophotonic resonator using the ac Stark shift

et al. 2018

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On-chip nanophotonic cavities will advance quantum information science and measurement because they enable efficient interaction between photons and long-lived solid-state spins, such as those associated with rare-earth ions in crystals. The enhanced photon-ion interaction creates new opportunities for all-optical control using the ac Stark shift. Toward this end, we characterize the ac Stark interaction between off-resonant optical fields and Nd 3+ -ion dopants in a photonic crystal resonator fabricated from yttrium orthovanadate (YVO 4 ). Using photon echo techniques, at a detuning of 160 MHz we measure a maximum ac Stark shift of 2π × 12.3 MHz per intracavity photon, which is large compared to both the homogeneous linewidth ( h = 84 kHz) and characteristic width of isolated spectral features created through optical pumping ( f ≈ 3 MHz). The photon-ion interaction strength in the device is sufficiently large to control the frequency and phase of the ions for quantum information processing applications. In particular, we discuss and assess the use of the cavity enhanced ac Stark shift to realize all-optical quantum memory and detection protocols. Our results establish the ac Stark shift as a powerful added control in rare-earth ion quantum technologies.

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Efficient optical pumping of Zeeman spin levels in

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Nanophotonic rare-earth quantum memory with optically controlled retrieval

Nanophotonic rare-earth quantum memory with optically controlled retrieval

Spectral hole lifetimes and spin population relaxation dynamics in neodymium-doped yttrium orthosilicate

Controlling rare-earth ions in a nanophotonic resonator using the ac Stark shift

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