Efficient Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon for Zinc–Bromine Flow Battery

Xiang, Hong-Xin; Tan, Aidong; Piao, Jinhua; Fu, Zhiyong; Liang, Zhenxing

doi:10.1002/smll.201901848

Cited by 75 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…They report that the total amount of nitrogen decreases with increasing temperature, and that the proportion of graphitic nitrogen increases, while the proportion of pyridinic nitrogen decreases. A zinc bromine flow cell employing carbon spheres doped with nitrogen at 1000 °C achieved an energy efficiency of 82.5 % at 80 mA cm −2 , compared to 76.0 % with unmodified carbon spheres [93] …”

Section: Carbon‐based Bromine Electrodes In Rfb Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

et al. 2022

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Bromine based redox flow batteries (RFBs) can provide sustainable energy storage due to the abundance of bromine. Such devices pair Br2/Br− at the positive electrode with complementary redox couples at the negative electrode. Due to the highly corrosive nature of bromine, electrode materials need to be corrosion resistant and durable. The positive electrode requires good electrochemical activity and reversibility for the Br2/Br− couple. Carbon materials enjoy the advantages of low cost, excellent electrical conductivity, chemical resistance, wide operational potential ranges, modifiable surface properties, and high surface area. Here carbon based materials for bromine electrodes are reviewed, with a focus on application in zinc‐bromine, hydrogen‐bromine, and polysulphide‐bromine RFB systems, aiming to provide an overview of carbon materials to be used for design and development of bromine electrodes with improved performance. Aspects deserving further R&D are highlighted.

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Section: Carbon‐based Bromine Electrodes In Rfb Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical doping with hetero‐atoms can modulate the electronic properties of carbon material. Nitrogen doping can help achieve appropriate electron modulation for electrocatalytic process owing to its higher electronegativity [91–93] . Xiang et al .…”

Section: Carbon‐based Bromine Electrodes In Rfb Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

et al. 2022

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“…Studies reported in the field of energy storage consider carbon spheres as a promising material/catalyst because of their high surface area, chemical stability, and cost-effectiveness [20][21][22][23]. It has explained in the literature that, N-doped carbon materials facilitate the formation of defects sites on the electrode surface which helps in the electrolyte absorption and hence increases the wettability of the electrode [17,18,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However very few reports available on the single-step hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogendoped carbon spheres using dextrose and ammonia as the precursors [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-doped carbon spheres-decorated graphite felt as a high-performance electrode for Fe based redox flow batteries

Dinesh

Anantha

Santosh³

et al. 2021

Diamond and Related Materials

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In this paper, the performance of Fe based redox flow batteries (IRFBs) was dramatically improved by coating N-doped carbon spheres (NDCS) on the graphite felt electrodes. NDCS was synthesized by the single-step hydrothermal method using dextrose and ammonia as a precursor and coated over a graphite felt electrode by electrostatic spraying. The weight of NDCS required for the modification of the electrode to achieve the effective performance of the battery was studied using electrochemical techniques. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and potentiodynamic polarization study was used to evaluate the kinetic reversibility and linear polarization resistance offered by the electrode towards electrolyte. The characterizing features of the NDCS, untreated graphite felt (UGF) electrode, and optimized modified graphite felt (MGF) electrode were analyzed using SEM, EDAX, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The charge-discharge studies were performed for the 132 cm 2 IRFB using a 2 mg/cm 2 MGF electrode as a positive electrode by varying the current densities from 20 to 60 mA/cm 2 . The cell resulted in an average coulombic efficiency (CE) of 93%, voltaic efficiency (VE) of 72%, and energy efficiency (EE) of 68% for 15 cycles at the current density of 30 mA/cm 2 . The improvement in the performance of the IRFB is due to the presence of electrochemically active nitrogen-bearing carbon catalysts. In this paper, the pioneering effort has been made to improve the efficiency of the IRFB with an active area of 132 cm 2 using glycine as the ligand.

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“…Among them, the redox flow batteries own advantages of high efficiency, long cycle life, and power/energy independent sizing . The zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is a promising candidate for its relatively high energy density (65–75 Wh/kg) and high cell voltage (1.82 V) compared with other similar systems . On the other side, the energy density is yet inferior to the rechargeable batteries based on zinc (Zn) metal anode, such as Ag−Zn (150 Wh/kg) and Zn−Ni .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density

Yuan

Huang

et al. 2020

ChemElectroChem

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The zinc-bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is an ideal device of energy storage systems. Nevertheless, its energy density is relatively low compared to those of Li-ion batteries, due to its low output voltage. Herein, a high-voltage aqueous hybrid zincbromine battery system (AHZBBs) was developed, where K + -conducting membrane was used to segregate neutral-alkaline hybrid electrolytes and redox couples of Br 2 /Br À and [Zn(OH) 4 ] 2À / Zn at the positive and negative electrode. Benefited from an efficient and stable cathode catalyst (carbon-manganite nanoflakes), this AHZBB delivered a high average output voltage of 2.15 V and energy density of 276.7 Wh/kg without capacity attenuation after 200 cycles. More importantly, this work provides an efficient avenue to elevating the output voltage and energy density, and will strongly encourage studies on redox flow batteries.[a] Dr.

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Efficient Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon for Zinc–Bromine Flow Battery

Cited by 75 publications

References 41 publications

Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

Nitrogen-doped carbon spheres-decorated graphite felt as a high-performance electrode for Fe based redox flow batteries

An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density

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