Efficient Multisignal 2–4-GHz Power Amplifier With Power Tracking

Duffy, Maxwell R.; Lasser, Gregor; Olavsbraten, Morten; Berry, Eric; Popović, Zoya

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2018.2879344

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This measurement clearly shows a gain variation with applied drain supply voltage, a behaviour prevalent in many GaN HEMTs as shown in [10]. Three different tracking trajectories or shaping functions were designed that demonstrate the usefulness of the integrated system as demonstrated in [11]. These trajectories are (i) iso‐gain to achieve flat gain, and thus good amplitude‐to‐amplitude modulation (AM/AM) linearity [12], (ii) opti‐PAE, which tracks the highest efficiency, and (iii) a trajectory termed trade‐off that aims to achieve a good compromise between linearity and efficiency.…”

Section: Shaping Function Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Modulated rapid load pull system for the emulation of envelope tracking power amplifiers

Alsahali

Gecan²,

Alt

et al. 2020

Electron. lett.

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This Letter presents a novel characterisation system that is able to fully emulate a complete envelope tracking power amplifier (ET-PA) environment, with modulated impedance synthesis and dynamic supply voltage generation while using industry-standard modulated signals and digital pre-distortion. The system is used to characterise a 10 W GaN device and provide impedance control over the signal and distortion bandwidths, in response to a 10 MHz long-term evolution signal. A National Instruments PXI-based measurement system is utilised to apply tracking signals to a bespoke supply modulator and successfully improve the average power added efficiency by ∼18 percentage points. Three different shaping functions are implemented, and their efficiency and linearity performance evaluated. In addition, digital pre-distortion (DPD) is used to linearise the PA while operating with the three different tracking trajectories. Experimental results demonstrate that when applying shaping functions, a trade-off needs to be made between efficiency and linearity. Even though a constant gain shaping function provides lower efficiency, it achieves good raw linearity performance without DPD, which is a good option if local linearisation is not available. This novel system is a useful tool in the design of ET-PAs, to more completely investigate the performance of the device.

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Section: Shaping Function Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Modulated rapid load pull system for the emulation of envelope tracking power amplifiers

Alsahali

Gecan²,

Alt

et al. 2020

Electron. lett.

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“…The mapping between the instantaneous input power and dynamic supply voltage plays a vital role in the ET approach due to the impact on PA design specifications, which include output power, efficiency, and linearity, particularly AM-AM and AM-PM distortion. Unlike the fixed supply PAs, a lower-level of AM-AM distortion can be obtained in ET despite the nonlinear behavior of the device when operated in compression, if the tracking signal is shaped in a specific manner [3]. Furthermore, the bandwidth requirements of the tracking signal, and hence the requirements of an eventual ET modulator, can also be reduced when using the appropriate envelope shaping function.…”

Section: B Shaping Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplify an Envelope Tracking Measurement with Compact System

Alsahali¹

2020

IJMTST

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This paper presents a compact measurement system to simplify the complexity measurement for envelope tracking PA (ET-PA). The requirements for such system are discussed. Then, the measurement setup is used to validate these requirements with a 10 MHz LTE signals at 1.8 GHz. The devices which are used in the measurement are a GaAs FET PA, a linear amplifier and a current sensor. The measurement shows how the alignment between the RF signal and tracking signal achieved practically and the average DE of the test PA with fixed bias increases from 22.6 % to 43.9 % with 48.5 % under ET mode. The instantaneous efficiency measurement shows potential improvement when ET used. Also, the AM-AM and AM-PM distortions were reduced using generalised memory polynomial (GMP).

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“…The application space includes wireless communication systems, radar, RF heating, jamming, imaging, and miniature DC-DC converters [1]. Much literature shows that PAs can be classified into two types: continuous wave (CW) PAs [2]- [4] and pulsed PAs [5]- [7]. Compared with CW PAs, pulsed PAs offer higher efficiency and are important for reducing size, weight and thermal stress [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Universal Measurement Method for the Efficiency of Pulsed RF Power Amplifiers

Fang

Huang

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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This paper presents a simple and universal measurement method for the average efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of pulsed RF power amplifiers. The average efficiency of the traditional definition varies with different duties and thus lacks universality, because of the DC power consumption outside the RF pulse. In our proposed method, the DC power consumption within a pulse period is divided into different parts. The parameters of each part can be extracted-from simple measurements of the average voltage and current under different duties. The average efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of different duties can be calculated with the extracted parameters. Since current clamps or oscilloscopes are not necessary to measure the instantaneous voltage and current, this solution can be easily implemented in a simple and cost-effective way, to expand the application into compact and sealed circuits. Measurement uncertainties under different duties were analyzed of the method. Experimental results of the proposed method are consistent with theoretical efficiencies, which help validate the method. INDEX TERMS Average efficiency, instantaneous efficiency, efficiency measurement, pulsed RF power amplifier, uncertainty analysis, various duties.

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Efficient Multisignal 2–4-GHz Power Amplifier With Power Tracking

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Modulated rapid load pull system for the emulation of envelope tracking power amplifiers

Modulated rapid load pull system for the emulation of envelope tracking power amplifiers

Simplify an Envelope Tracking Measurement with Compact System

A Simple and Universal Measurement Method for the Efficiency of Pulsed RF Power Amplifiers

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