Efficient multi-objective optimization of gear ratios and motor torque distribution for electric vehicles with two-motor and two-speed powertrain system

Kwon, Kihan; Seo, Minsik; Min, Seungjae

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114190

Cited by 74 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Swathi [14] designed cost effective and reliable Electrical vehicle suitable for linear agricultural applications using Servo and Geared DC motors. [15] Seungjae designed the motor torque distribution between the two motors coupled with two-speed powertrain system. Powertrain system consists of first and second gear ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of geared DC motor into stepper motor using switching delay time signals

Dadi

Peravali

Busi³

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

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In solar tracking system, general stepper motor is used to control the stepwise movement and low speed of solar panel in vertical motion. Degree of rotation is directly proportional to stepwise movement (stepping method) of stepper motor. But it is cumbersome process to hold a solar panel at a particular vertical position depending on the sun’s position using low cost stepper motors. So, geared DC motor is implemented into stepper motor for low-speed applications using Stepping Method (GDCSM). Degree per step movement of geared DC motor is identified using Step angle switching delay time signal (A) of microcontroller. Speed of geared DC motor is controlled by passing fixed time interval between the pulses where the pulses have fixed width. Controlling speed is implemented by using Step delay time signal (D) of microcontroller. Combining effect of switching delay time signals A and D represents the Stepping Method. Stepping method resembles the step movement and controlling speed of the stepper motor. Speed of 10RPM & 30RPM geared DC motors is operated at 10V DC power supply. Microcontroller ATmega 328P with switching delay time signals is used to control the geared DC motors. Performance of 10RPM & 30RPM GDCSM is analyzed with stepper motors in terms of Relative slip degree error per revolution (RE$$_\mathrm{{S}}$$ S ) and acceptable slippage degree tolerance under open loop condition. Change in consuming voltage tolerance ($$\varDelta$$ Δ ) during rotation of GDCSM is another parameter which is used to maintain the constant actual total step count per revolutions of GDCSM. At 40 ms of step angle delay time (A), 10RPMGDCSM has 120 steps per revolution. At 25 ms of A, 30RPMGDCSM has 55 steps per revolution. Speed of 10RPM & 30RPM GDCSM is controllable up to 2RPM when its RE$$_\mathrm{{S}}$$ S or acceptable slippage degree tolerance value is less than or equal to 1%. If $$\varDelta$$ Δ value of GDCSM is less than or equal to − 0.4%, then it behaves like stepper motor. GDCSM is suitable to hold and control vertical position of solar tracking system with low speed and step movement. Performance of geared DC motor experimentally showed better result than commercial available stepper motors like 28BYJ-48 or STP-43d1027-01.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of geared DC motor into stepper motor using switching delay time signals

Dadi

Peravali

Busi³

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

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“…With the intensifying of the energy crisis and environmental pollution, many government departments have formulated increasingly strict regulations to limit vehicle energy consumption and pollutant emissions [ 1 ]. EVs are considered to be a suitable substitute for traditional vehicles because of the environmental protection, low noise, and small operating costs [ 2 , 3 ], which have received acute attention from automakers and consumers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Clamping Force Control of CVT for Electric Vehicles Based on Slip Characteristics

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The low mechanical efficiency of metal belt’s continuously variable transmission (CVT) limits its application in new energy vehicles. To further improve CVT efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) with CVT, this paper proposes a pure electric CVT configuration and a clamping force control strategy. The slip characteristics of CVT are obtained through a bench test, the dynamic model of CVT slip is established, and a clamping force fuzzy control strategy is designed. The strategy is studied by simulation under extreme conditions and standard driving cycles. The simulation results show that the proposed clamping force control strategy has good adaptability. Under extreme conditions, this strategy can ensure that CVT does not undergo macro slip, while reducing the clamping force by 12.86–21.65%. Energy consumption per 100 km is 14.90 kWh in NEDC, which is 6.67% lower compared with the traditional strategy. CVT average efficiency and average transmission efficiency increased by 3.71% and 6.40%. The research results demonstrate that adjusting the CVT clamping force through fuzzy control based on the slip rate can improve the CVT efficiency and energy economy of EVs, which provides a certain reference for CVT clamping force control strategy development and the application of CVT on EVs.

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“…Kwon et al 8 proposed a multi-objective optimization method for the transmission ratio and driving parameters of a dual-motor two-speed power transmission system and established a dual-motor two-speed transmission model. The transmission ratio and motor drive were optimized by a multi-objective optimization method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission ratio optimization of two-speed gearbox in battery electric passenger vehicles

Sun

Chiu

Zuo

et al. 2021

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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To optimize the power and economic performance of battery electric passenger vehicles, an 8.5-m-long battery electric passenger vehicle was selected as the research subject. The simulated-annealing particle-swarm-optimization (SAPSO) algorithm was applied to optimize the two-speed gearbox and transmission ratio of the vehicle. With the opening of the accelerator pedal and speed as variables, a comprehensive gear shift schedule that considered both the power and economic performance was established. The comprehensive gear shift schedule curve was defined in the model built in the ADVISOR software. The transmission ratio was jointly optimized using the ADVISOR and ISIGHT software, and then the ADVISOR simulation software was used to analyze the economic and dynamic performances corresponding to the optimized transmission ratio. Finally, we compared the power and economic performances of the vehicle before and after transmission ratio optimization, the results of which showed that after the optimization, the maximum speed, climbing gradient, and 0–50 km/h acceleration time of the vehicle were greatly improved, and the driving range was slightly shortened. This enabled performance advantages of the battery electric passenger vehicle by balancing the power and economic performances of the vehicle.

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Efficient multi-objective optimization of gear ratios and motor torque distribution for electric vehicles with two-motor and two-speed powertrain system

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Conversion of geared DC motor into stepper motor using switching delay time signals

Conversion of geared DC motor into stepper motor using switching delay time signals

Research on Clamping Force Control of CVT for Electric Vehicles Based on Slip Characteristics

Transmission ratio optimization of two-speed gearbox in battery electric passenger vehicles

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