Efficient medium access arbitration among interfering WBANs using Latin rectangles

Abstract

The overlap of transmission ranges among multiple Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is referred to as coexistence. The interference is most likely to affect the communication links and degrade the performance when sensors of different WBANs simultaneously transmit using the same channel. In this paper, we propose a distributed approach that adapts to the size of the network, i.e., the number of coexisting WBANs, and to the density of sensors forming each individual WBAN in order to minimize the impact of co-channel interference through dynamic channel hopping based on Latin rectangles. Furthermore, the proposed approach opts to reduce the overhead resulting from channel hopping, and lowers the transmission delay, and saves the power resource at both sensor-and WBAN-levels. Specifically, we propose two schemes for channel allocation and medium access scheduling to diminish the probability of inter-WBAN interference. The first scheme, namely, Distributed Interference Avoidance using Latin rectangles (DAIL), assigns channel and time-slot combination that reduces the probability of medium access collision. DAIL suits crowded areas, e.g., high density of coexisting WBANs, and involves overhead due to frequent channel hopping at the WBAN coordinator and sensors. The second scheme, namely, CHIM, takes advantage of the relatively lower density of collocated WBANs to save power by hopping among channels only when interference is detected at the level of the individual nodes. We present an analytical model that derives the collision probability and network throughput. The performance of DAIL and CHIM is further validated through simulations.

Long short‐term memory‐based power‐aware algorithm for prompt heterogenous activity

“…WBAN sensors collect the heart (electrocardiography), brain electrical activities (electroencephalographs), blood sugar, blood pressure, body temperature, oxygen saturation, and CO 2 concentration using wearable sensors. 1 It is worth mentioning that WBANs require only a small number of nodes for operation. Therefore, the protocols used in the MAC and network layer are a lot simpler than traditional WSN.…”

“…The main aim of the WBAN is to diagnose the disease by predicting the symptoms of the disease in the early stage and communicating it to doctors and caretakers. WBAN sensors collect the heart (electrocardiography), brain electrical activities (electroencephalographs), blood sugar, blood pressure, body temperature, oxygen saturation, and CO 2 concentration using wearable sensors 1 . It is worth mentioning that WBANs require only a small number of nodes for operation.…”

“…Mobile phones act as a coordinator node as well as a sink node for many benchmark algorithms. Ali et al 1 classified the architecture into Tiers 1, 2, and 3. Tier 1 is called intra‐WBAN communication, where the node and coordinator communicate with each other.…”

Priority-Aware Price-Based Power Control for Co-Located WBANs Using Stackelberg and Bayesian Games

“…Coexistence state prediction methods based on machine leaning models for co-located WBANs have been proposed in [6,7], which facilitate detection and processing of the inter-WBAN interference in time. Moreover, a few inter-WBAN interference mitigation schemes were proposed in previous works [8,9,10], especially those based on resource allocation, e.g., time slot assignment methods, channel allocation approaches, and power control schemes. Specifically, time slot assignment methods that adopt graph coloring algorithms were proposed in [11,12,13,14], in which the available time slots were mapped to colors and the adjacent nodes were assigned slots of different colors to avoid interference.…”