Efficient manganese catalysts for low-temperature bleaching

Abstract

A gloomy view of modern society based on the assumption that those in charge form a "cognitive élite" which is likely to be dynastic mischievously begs too many questions.

Single-crystal absorption spectroscopy of binuclear complexes of iron(III) and manganese(III) with the μ-oxo-bis(μ-acetato)dimetal core

“…[2] and [ 3 ] originating from ground state levels with pair spin S as a function of temperature. The symbols denote experimental intensities determined from the absorption spectra in Fig.…”

“…The solid lines are fits to eqs. [2] and [3] for the transitions originating from the ground state levels with pair spins S of 0 and 1, respectively, with a value of -295 cm-' for the exchange coupling parameter J in eq.…”

“…Binuclear complexes of iron and manganese with 0x0 and carboxylato bridging ligands are important constituents of the active sites in metalloproteins and have been shown to be catalytically active (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). A large number of model compounds have been synthesized recently, among them a series of triply bridged binuclear compounds with the y-0x0-bis(y-acetato) bridging geometry (5,7).…”

Analysis of the effects of catalytic bleaching on cotton

“…1a, MnTACN) was the first bleach catalyst employed in commercial detergent products for the purpose of laundry cleaning (Favre et al 1991(Favre et al , 1993Hage et al 1994). The compound was first published in 1988 as a model for manganese-containing enzymes by Wieghardt and co-workers (Wieghardt et al 1988).…”

“…Generally, manganese containing compounds are preferred as possible catalysts in bleaching because of their environmental digestibility. Today, probably the most effective catalysts for stain oxidation by hydrogen peroxide at low temperatures are manganese complexes derived from 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and related ligand systems (Hage et al 1994;Hage and Lienke 2006). Up to now research on the application of these catalysts has mainly been done in detergent application and paper/pulp bleaching (Hage and Lienke 2006;Patt et al 1997), showing that the catalytic route can give improved stain removal and delignification.…”