Efficient large area semitransparent organic solar cells based on highly transparent and conductive ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer top electrodes

Winkler, Thomas; Schmidt, Hans; Flügge, Harald; Nikolayzik, Fabian; Baumann, Ihno; Schmale, Stephan; Weimann, Thomas; Hinze, P.; Johannes, Hans‐Hermann; Rabe, Torsten; Hamwi, Sami; Riedl, Thomas; Kowalsky, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2011.06.015

Cited by 110 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This electrode must be deposited when the absorber layer has already been deposited on the substrate and a nonaggressive deposition procedure needs to be used. Several different options have been considered, such as low-temperature annealed indium tin oxide (ITO), [42][43][44][45][46][47][48] a three-layer architecture combining a dielectric layer, an ultra thin metal layer, and a second dielectric layer, [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] PEDOT, [65][66][67] silver grid, 68 graphene, [69][70][71] carbon nanotubes, 67,72 and silver nanowires (AgNW). [73][74][75][76][77][78] However, the need for a nondestructive deposition technique for the top semi-transparent electrode is probably not the major issue that semi-transparent OPV cells must overcome before becoming an industrially viable solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Over the last three decades, progress in the organic photovoltaic field has resulted in some device features which make organic cells applicable in electricity generation configurations where the standard silicon-based technology is not suitable, for instance, when a semitransparent photovoltaic panel is needed. When the thin film solar cell performance is evaluated in terms of the device's visible transparency and power conversion efficiency, organic solar cells offer the most promising solution. During the last three years, research in the field has consolidated several approaches for the fabrication of high performance semi-transparent organic solar cells. We have grouped these approaches under three categories: devices where the absorber layer includes near-infrared absorption polymers, devices incorporating one-dimensional photonic crystals, and devices with a metal cavity light trapping configuration. We herein review these approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

et al. 2015

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“…11), indicating that there is an immense scope of utilization of SPD methodology for making efficient photoanodes. There are quite a few reports on study of large area photoanodes [34,35], where it has been reported that with an increase in the PEC active area, practically yields lowered photocurrent density [36] thereby hampering the large area applicability. Such poor performance is owing to the increased electrical resistance of the conducting substrate as well as the defects formation in the film.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of large area nanorod like structured CdS photoanode for solar H2 generation using spray pyrolysis technique

Pareek

Dom

Borse

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] To reduce organic underlayer damage, various low-damage sputtering methods, such as using parallel targets 12,16,17 and cylindrical sputtering, 13 have been reported. Additionally, annealing of damaged devices 25 and insertion of protective layers 14,[18][19][20] between organic thin films and sputtered electrodes are effective methods of suppressing sputtering damage. However, the sputtering damage problem remains unsolved because the origin of sputtering damage has not been sufficiently clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of positively charged particles on sputtering damage of organic electro-luminescent diodes with Mg:Ag alloy electrodes fabricated by facing target sputtering

et al. 2017

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We investigated the influence of the positively charged particles generated during sputtering on the performances of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with Mg:Ag alloy electrodes fabricated by sputtering. The number of positively charged particles increased by several orders of magnitude when the target current was increased from 0.1 A to 2.5 A. When a high target current was used, many positively charged particles with energies higher than the bond energy of single C–C bonds, which are typically found in organic molecules, were generated. In this situation, we observed serious OLED performance degradation. On the other hand, when a low target current was used, OLED performance degradation was not observed when the number of positively charged particles colliding with the organic underlayer increased. We concluded that sputtering damage caused by positively charged particles can be avoided by using a low target current.

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Efficient large area semitransparent organic solar cells based on highly transparent and conductive ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer top electrodes

Cited by 110 publications

References 27 publications

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

Fabrication of large area nanorod like structured CdS photoanode for solar H2 generation using spray pyrolysis technique

Effect of positively charged particles on sputtering damage of organic electro-luminescent diodes with Mg:Ag alloy electrodes fabricated by facing target sputtering

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