Efficient, Large Area ITO‐and‐PEDOT‐free Organic Solar Cell Sub‐modules

Jin, Hui; Tao, Chen; Velusamy, Marappan; Aljada, Muhsen; Zhang, Yuliang; Hambsch, Mike; Burn, Paul L.; Meredith, Paul

doi:10.1002/adma.201104896

Cited by 154 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although PCE is highly correlated to light absorption in the active layer, increasing its thickness is a straightforward way to increase the light absorption but not always an effi cient approach to boost PCE. This is due to [ 50 ] MoO x /Ag/MoO x , [ 32 ] TeO 2 /Ag, [ 36 ] Au/Ag, [ 37 ] ZnO/AgNW/ZnO, [ 51 ] Al-doped Ag/ZnO, [ 39 ] in which all selected data are based on their applications in optoelectronic devices. d) Schematic of the OSC devices with Ta 2 O 5 /Al-doped Ag as electrode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Zhao

Zhang

Kim

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

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not conducting and can not collect charges unless an additional conductive layer is added. [ 18 ] Compared with nanostructures, planar thin Ag fi lms can be easily prepared without defects over a large area and potentially applied to semitransparent windows and tandem architectures. [ 29 ] Moreover, to further boost the device efficiency, a resonant optical cavity can be created between the transparent thin Ag fi lm and an opaque back contact metal electrode, thus trapping light inside the active layer and enhancing its light absorption. [ 22 ] However, Ag follows 3D growth mode: during deposition, Ag atoms fi rst agglomerate into isolated islands, and as the deposition continues, these islands fi nally connect to each other and form a continuous fi lm. [ 30 ] On one hand, a certain threshold of thickness (usually beyond 10 nm) is required to get a continuous and conductive Ag fi lm. Though the conductivity is satisfi ed by a thicker fi lm, the transparency is inevitably compromised. On the other hand, the roughness of a continuous Ag fi lm is large (e.g., root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of 6 nm for 15 nm Ag fi lm), [ 30 ] resulting in additional light scattering loss. Moreover, since most OSCs are only few hundred nm thick, a rough surface could easily result in electrical shorts between electrodes, especially for large-area devices. To address the issues mentioned above, a wetting layer is usually placed underneath the Ag fi lm to promote the formation of continuous fi lms below or around 10 nm. Thus far, various wetting layers have been demonstrated by either dielectric materials (MoO x , [ 22,24,[31][32][33] ZnO, [ 34 ] WO 3 , [ 35 ] and TeO 2[ 36 ] ) or semiconductors/metals (Ge [ 30 ] and Au [ 37 ] ). Semiconductors and metals are lossy in the visible band, leading to the reduced transparency. Besides the use of wetting layers, thin and smooth Ag fi lms have also been achieved by treating the substrate with a layer of molecules to promote the Ag nucleation [ 38 ] or cooling down the substrate temperature during the Ag deposition. [ 22 ] However, it is highly desirable to have an alternative, simpler, and more scalable method to fabricate thin and smooth Ag fi lms in a single step and without special treatment of the substrate or special control of the deposition condition.We recently reported an ultrathin and smooth Ag fi lm without any wetting layer, achieved by doping small amount of Al into Ag during the fi lm deposition. [ 39 ] In this work, we will demonstrate a conductive and transparent Ag based fi lm as thin as 4 nm by adding a wetting layer (Ta 2 O 5 ) underneath the Al-doped Ag. OSCs built on such thin fi lms produce a PCE over 7%. In addition, the Ta

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Zhao

Zhang

Kim

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…This electrode must be deposited when the absorber layer has already been deposited on the substrate and a nonaggressive deposition procedure needs to be used. Several different options have been considered, such as low-temperature annealed indium tin oxide (ITO), [42][43][44][45][46][47][48] a three-layer architecture combining a dielectric layer, an ultra thin metal layer, and a second dielectric layer, [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] PEDOT, [65][66][67] silver grid, 68 graphene, [69][70][71] carbon nanotubes, 67,72 and silver nanowires (AgNW). [73][74][75][76][77][78] However, the need for a nondestructive deposition technique for the top semi-transparent electrode is probably not the major issue that semi-transparent OPV cells must overcome before becoming an industrially viable solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Over the last three decades, progress in the organic photovoltaic field has resulted in some device features which make organic cells applicable in electricity generation configurations where the standard silicon-based technology is not suitable, for instance, when a semitransparent photovoltaic panel is needed. When the thin film solar cell performance is evaluated in terms of the device's visible transparency and power conversion efficiency, organic solar cells offer the most promising solution. During the last three years, research in the field has consolidated several approaches for the fabrication of high performance semi-transparent organic solar cells. We have grouped these approaches under three categories: devices where the absorber layer includes near-infrared absorption polymers, devices incorporating one-dimensional photonic crystals, and devices with a metal cavity light trapping configuration. We herein review these approaches.

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“…To date, the TFC electrodes are mostly based on PE-DOT [36,70,74,[82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98], graphene (GF) [73,75,[99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [73,101,102,[106][107][108][109]113], Ag-based nanowires/grids/films [72,[114][115][116][117][118][119]…”

Section: Design Of Flexible Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-film organic semiconductor devices: from flexibility to ultraflexibility

Qian

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci. China Mater.

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Flexible thin-film organic semiconductor devices have received wide attention due to favorable properties such as light-weight, flexibility, reproducible semiconductor resources, easy tuning of functional properties via molecular tailoring, and low cost large-area solution-procession. Among them, ultraflexible electronics, usually with minimum bending radius of less than 1 mm, are essential for the development of epidermal and bio-implanted electronics, wearable electronics, collapsible and portable electronics, three dimensional (3D) surface compliable electronics, and bionics. This review firstly gives a brief introduction of development from flexible to ultraflexible organic semiconductor electronics, and design of ultraflexible devices, then summarizes the recent advances in ultraflexible thin-film organic semiconductor devices, focusing on organic field effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells and organic memory devices.

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Efficient, Large Area ITO‐and‐PEDOT‐free Organic Solar Cell Sub‐modules

Cited by 154 publications

References 37 publications

High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

Thin-film organic semiconductor devices: from flexibility to ultraflexibility

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Efficient, Large Area ITO‐and‐PEDOT‐free Organic Solar Cell Sub‐modules

Cited by 154 publications

References 37 publications

High‐Performance Ta2O5/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

High‐Performance Ta2O5/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Semi-transparent polymer solar cells

Thin-film organic semiconductor devices: from flexibility to ultraflexibility

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Product

Resources

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High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells

High‐Performance Ta₂O₅/Al‐Doped Ag Electrode for Resonant Light Harvesting in Efficient Organic Solar Cells