“…The extraordinary characteristics of PCF like compact nature, robust, less environmental effects, lightweight, and minimum cost makes PCF based devices more popular which can easily work in enormous environmental conditions (Knight 2003). As compared to PCFs, conventional fibers have less structural flexibility due to which they have limitations in their versatile applications as in high power mechanism (Feehan and Price 2017), nonlinear fiber optics (Humbert et al 2006), spectroscopy (Holzwarth et al 2000), metrology, sensing applications (Prajapati 2019;Arif and Biddut 2017b), super-continuum generation (Zhao 2017), optical coherence tomography (Zhao 2017), quantum dots (Chibrova 2017)etc. PCF has many advantages over the traditional fiber e.g., high nonlinearity and negative dispersion with very low confinement loss (Frazao et al 2008;Pandey et al 2020;Pandey et al 2021), tuneable and high birefringence (Knight et al 1996), high effective area (Arif and Biddut 2017a), polarization-maintaining capability (Cordeiro et al 2006;Ayyanar 2017).…”