Efficient functionalization of poly(styrene) beads immobilized metal nanoparticle catalysts for the reduction of crystal violet

Abstract

Three types of new bead-shaped heterogeneous nanoparticle (NP) catalysts were synthesized by simplified procedures and studied for continuous reduction of crystal violet (CV) dye. The stabilizing agent, viz., 2-acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (PAC) was functionalized efficiently onto the surface of insoluble poly(styrene)-co-(vinyl benzyl chloride) beads (PS-PVBC) through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) to obtain insoluble bead matrix having intense surface functional groups labelled as PS-PVBC-g-PAC. These PS-PVBC-PAC beads in turn were used as a common matrix for individual immobilization of AgNPs, AuNPs and PdNPs by following the simple chemical reaction/reduction methods to yield the corresponding bead-shaped heterogeneous NP catalysts, viz., PS-PVBC-g-PAC-AgNPs, PS-PVBC-g-PAC-AuNPs and PS-PVBC-g-PAC-PdNPs. These catalysts were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, SEM/EDAX and HRTEM techniques. The catalytic activity of these three types of catalysts were examined through the reduction of CV using NaBH 4 as a reducing agent and it was observed that all these catalysts effectively accelerated the reaction. The superior catalyst, viz., PS-PVBC-g-PAC-AuNPs was again used for detail kinetic studies of the same reduction reaction.

Preparation of Transparent Bulk TiO2/PMMA Hybrids with Improved Refractive Indices via an in Situ Polymerization Process Using TiO2 Nanoparticles Bearing PMMA Chains Grown by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

“…The following absorption bands in the spectrum are assignable to an organic group of CPMP and the isodecyl group of IDP: ν(CH) at around 2900 cm −1 , ν(CO) at 1713 cm −1 , δ(CH 2 ) at 1462 cm −1 , and ν(COC) at 1197 cm −1 . 35,36 Although ν(PO) absorption bands were observed in the spectra of CPMP and IDP at 1110 and 1232 cm −1 , the corresponding bands disappeared in the spectrum of CPMP_IDP_TiO 2 . In addition, ν(OH) absorption bands observed in the spectrum of CPMP at around 3500 cm −1 also disappeared in the spectrum of CPMP_IDP_TiO 2 .…”

Fabrication and catalytic behavior of hierarchically-structured nylon 6 nanofiber membrane decorated with silver nanoparticles

“…Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are often loaded on a support material such as microspheres [3], beads [4], films [5], and fibers [6], which limits their agglomeration and improves their catalytic activity. In situ reduction [7] and post-processing [8] are two common methods for loading Ag NPs onto supports.…”