Efficient fast motion estimation algorithm for real-time applications

Agha, Shahrukh; Khan, Mubarak Ali; Jan, Farmanullah

doi:10.1007/s11554-021-01188-7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…An efficient hierarchical diamond search was proposed, which reduced the complexity. What's more, the quality of the algorithm was equivalent to that of FS [3]. Pakdaman F et al optimized the Test Zone (TZ) search and reduced the search time by 35%-85% compared with the traditional TZ search [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware motion estimation methods survey and example real-time architecture design

Zhong

2024

ACE

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Motion estimation is essential in video processing, computer vision, and other related fields due to its applications in improving data compression, enhancing image/video quality, increasing computer vision task accuracy, and conserving computational resources. Typical motion estimation methods include FS (Full Search) and DS (Diamond Search). Traditional motion estimation methods will face the challenge of high complexity in practical real-time applications. Therefore, this paper focuses on fast motion estimation algorithms and hardware architecture design for real-time applications survey and research. Aiming at the need for 1920x1080@60fps processing speed, this paper explores the key ideas of FS and DS hardware structure design based on the Vivado HLS high-level synthesis tool and provides a feasible hardware scheme to meet the real-time requirements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware motion estimation methods survey and example real-time architecture design

Zhong

2024

ACE

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Efficient motion estimation and discrete cosine transform implementation using the graphics processing units

Agha,

Jan,

Khan

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Motion Estimation (ME) and the two-dimensional (2D) discrete cosine transform (2D-DCT) are both computationally expensive parts of HEVC standard, therefore real-time performance of the HEVC may not be free from glitches. To address this issue, this study deploys the graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform the ME and 2D-DCT tasks. In this concern, authors probed into four levels of parallelism (i.e., frame, macroblock, search area, and sum of the absolute difference (SAD) levels) existing in ME. For comparative analysis, authors involved full search (FS), test zone search (TZS) of HEVC, and hierarchical diamond search (EHDS) ME algorithms. Similarly, two levels of parallelism (i.e., macroblock and sub-macroblock) are also explored in 2D-DCT. Notably, the least computationally complex multithreaded Loeffler DCT algorithm is utilized for computing 2D-DCT. Experimental results show that ME processing task corresponding to 25 frames, with each frame of size (3840×2160) pixels, is accomplished in 0.15 seconds on the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080, whereas the 2D-DCT task along with the image reconstruction and differencing corresponding to 25 frames took 0.1 seconds. Collectively, both ME and 2D-DCT tasks are processed in 0.25 seconds, which still leaves enough room for the encoder’s remaining parts to be executed within one second. Due to this enhancement, the resultant encoder can safely be used in real-time applications.

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All Directional Search Motion Estimation Algorithm

A.V.¹,

Darimireddy²,

Sridhar³

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The search performance of block-matching motion estimation algorithms, i.e., search speed and motion estimation quality, mainly depends on the shape and size of the search pattern. Most motion estimation algorithms employ search patterns of square, diamond, hexagonal, cross diamond or cross hexagonal shapes. These search patterns achieve good results for video sequences with simple motion activity, but unfavourable results for video sequences with complex motion activity. After a thorough investigation of the effect of search pattern on search performance, this paper proposes an all-direction search (ADS) pattern, which searches for the best block in all possible directions. For further improvement in search speed, a half way stop technique is applied in search process. The results show that the proposed ADS algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art and eminent motion estimation algorithms. The higher the direction complexity in the neighbouring motion vectors, the better the prediction quality of ADS, which is further proved by the simulation results.

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Efficient fast motion estimation algorithm for real-time applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Hardware motion estimation methods survey and example real-time architecture design

Hardware motion estimation methods survey and example real-time architecture design

Efficient motion estimation and discrete cosine transform implementation using the graphics processing units

All Directional Search Motion Estimation Algorithm

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