Efficient error resilient algorithm for H.264/AVC: mobility management in wireless video streaming

Abstract

The H.264/AVC standard introduces enhanced error robustness capabilities enabling resilient and reliable transmission of compressed video signals over wireless lossy packet networks. Those robustness capabilities are achieved by integrating some new error resilience tools that are essential for a proper delivery of real-time video services. Those tools include the Intra Refreshing (IR), Arbitrary Slice Ordering (ASO), Sequence Picture Parameter Sets (PPS), Redundant Slices (RS) tools and Flexible Macroblock Ordering (FMO). This paper presents an error resilient algorithm in wireless H.264/AVC streaming. The proposed method merges Reference Frame Selection (RFS), Intra Redundancy Slice and Adaptive Intra Refreshment techniques in order to prevent temporal error propagation in error-phone wireless video streaming. The coding standards only specify the decoding process and the bitstream syntax to allow considerable flexibility for the designers to optimize the encoder for coding performance improvement and complexity reduction. Performance evaluations demonstrate that the proposed encoding algorithm outperforms the conventional H.264/AVC standard. Both subjective and objective visual quality comparative study has been also carried out in order to validate the proposed approach. The proposed method can be used and integrated into H264/AVC without violating the standard.

HEVC in wireless environments

“…Table 2 (a), (b) depicts the average Y-PSNR (dB) for class B, class C and class D video sequences under the following packet loss rates (a), 0, 10, 20 %, and (b) 30 and 40 %. The packet loss situation is simulated according to the channel conditions specified in [24,25]. The largest Table 2, the follow observations can be derived.…”

“…Moreover, P-frames can use data from previous frames to decompress and are more compressible than I-frames. On the other hand, B-frames can use both previous and forward frames for data reference to get the highest amount of data compression [13,24]. According to HEVC, I-, P-and B-frames have been extended with new coding features, which lead to a significant increase in coding efficiency.…”

“…Therefore, how to choose an accurate distortion model with respect to frame loss is an important design consideration. We adopt a modified version of the Decoded Frame Rate Metric [24] to assess the effect of the temporal error propagation imposed by streaming HEVC over wireless environments. The main modification is the use of the packet loss rate instead of frame loss for the different encoding schemes HEVC low delay configuration and H.264/AVC I-P structure.…”

“…In wireless environments, bit errors are usually dealt with using some form of error correction schemes. However, while too many errors can cause significant distortion to the end user, guaranteeing error-free wireless reception is pointless [24][25][26].…”

DASCo: dynamic adaptive streaming over CoAP

“…A characteristic feature of a wireless environment is large variability of network conditions even in neighboring locations. Interferences, fading and other factors affect the wireless channel, causing the quality of transmission links to vary significantly in space and time [34]. Consequently, two adjacent terminals can experience wholly different packet losses and delays when they communicate with the same remote server.…”