Efficient electronic beam steering method in time modulated linear arrays

Gassab, Oussama; Azrar, Arab; Dahimene, Abdelhakim; Bouguerra, Sara; He, Chong

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2019.0673

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The time‐modulated array can be used to achieve beam steering, as the shift in the time domain results in the shift in the corresponding frequency domain. So, the advantage of the timed antenna can be suggested in terms of utilization of harmonic pattern for the harmonic scanning or harmonic beam steering 24–29 . This may overcome the disadvantage of the conventional phase shifter in terms of the complexity of the feed network and dynamic range ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐beam steered harmonic pattern synthesis in timed antenna array with optimized and pre‐defined RF switching

Ram

2021

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Optimal harmonic beam steering of the time‐modulated linear antenna array (TMLAA) with optimized and pre‐defined ON and OFF switching schemes are proposed in this work. Three different approaches are considered to obtain various beam steering behaviors of TMLAA. The first approach is considered for the optimization of ON–OFF switching sequence for the steering of the harmonic beams toward approximately ±30° along with the simultaneous reduction of side lobe level (SLL) and side band level (SBL). Second approach is considered for the optimization of ON–OFF switching sequence for the steering of the harmonic beams toward approximately ±30° and ±60° simultaneously. Third approach is considered for the optimal reduction of SLL and SBL of harmonically steered beams for a pre‐defined ON–OFF switching scheme. Two unique cost function is proposed in this work to achieve the optimal parameter for above mentioned three different approaches. The first cost function is used for the optimization of Ton and Toff switching sequence and antenna element spacing of the array. These optimal values will lead to steer the main beam of first positive and negative harmonic radiation from the main beam of the fundamental radiation pattern and reduce SLL and SBL simultaneously. Second cost function deals with the optimization of excitation amplitude and distance between any two consecutive antennas of the array. These optimal values lead to reducing the SLL and SBL simultaneously harmonically steered beam obtained by pre‐defined Ton and Toff switching sequence. Optimization algorithm applied to get the optimal value of the variable parameters is Novel Particle Swarm Optimization. Further to explain the stated proposed approach, four different sets of 10‐, 16‐, 20‐, 32‐element TMLAA are taken as an example. Some of the simulation results are validated through electromagnetic simulator to validate the result obtained by MATLAB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐beam steered harmonic pattern synthesis in timed antenna array with optimized and pre‐defined RF switching

Ram

2021

Int J Numerical Modelling

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“…Obviously, the optimization model is convex for the optimization variable A 0 under a fixed W and is also convex for the optimization variable W under a fixed A 0 . So, the optimization model in (9) can be called the biconvex optimization model [26] for the optimization variables A 0 , W. Inspired by the method in [27], alternating convex optimization (ACO) can be applied to solve the optimization model in (9). at is to solve a sequence of alternating weighted l 1 − norm optimization problems:…”

Section: Problem Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e multibeam pattern synthesis of the seventh order sideband of the 8-element linear array is realized by discrete Walsh transform in [8]. Gassab et al [9] generated the Pen pattern in the first-and second-order sideband by using a SP3T based tripolar modulation signal. Multibeam synthesis of TMA composed of 8 subarrays is realized based on subarray division and multibranch structure in [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Multibeam Pattern Synthesis of Time Modulated Array Based on Convex Optimization

Dong

Tan

et al. 2021

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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An efficient multibeam pattern synthesis method for time modulated array (TMA) is proposed in this paper. The aim of this method is to generate a beam pattern on the specified sideband of TMA. The pattern synthesis problem is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the sequential convex optimization method is used to suppress the sidelobe of the center frequency and reduce the amplitude dynamic range ratios (DRR). In the second stage, the iterative convex optimization method is used to realize the multibeam pattern synthesis in the sideband. Owing to the introduction of convex optimization, the proposed method could be more efficient than approaches using a global optimization algorithm. The proposed method is capable of realizing pattern synthesis under different DRR constraints and different beam radiation directions. Numerical examples of two beams and four beams patterns of 1000-element time modulated linear array verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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“…The adaptive beamforming performance of TMAs has been enhanced with preprocessed shaped pulses 33,34 . Harmonic beamforming with steered fundamental pattern 35 and steered patterns at successive sidebands 36,37 have promoted the concept of TMAs for advanced antenna applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multibeam steered pattern synthesis in time‐modulated antenna array with controlled harmonic radiation

Chakraborty

Ram

Mandal

2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This article deals with the synthesis of multibeam steerable patterns in time‐modulated arrays (TMAs) for electronic scanning. The simultaneous generation of multiple beams in TMAs can be achieved through the exploitation of undesired harmonic radiations emitted at the multiples of modulating frequency due to the periodic switching. The direction‐dependent harmonic beams are capable of producing independent information channels with different spatial distributions beneficial for electronic beam steering. Multibeam patterns associated with harmonic frequencies along with the fundamental pattern can be synthesized with suitably designed switching schemes. The potentialities of linear TMAs are explored in this article to generate a simultaneous sum and difference pattern useful for monopulse tracking systems. Further assessment of multipattern operations with linear TMAs are proposed with beam steering at lower‐order harmonics. Steered double sum pattern with controlled harmonic radiations are also generated to achieve a steered multibeam with simplified beamforming network. Towards this aim, both the analytical and the optimized solutions of periodic switching sequences for different multibeam patterns are developed. Modified differential evolution with a wavelet‐based mutation strategy (DEWM) is employed for the optimal solution. Representative results are assessed and compared with other published literature results to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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Efficient electronic beam steering method in time modulated linear arrays

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Multi‐beam steered harmonic pattern synthesis in timed antenna array with optimized and pre‐defined RF switching

Multi‐beam steered harmonic pattern synthesis in timed antenna array with optimized and pre‐defined RF switching

Research on Multibeam Pattern Synthesis of Time Modulated Array Based on Convex Optimization

Multibeam steered pattern synthesis in time‐modulated antenna array with controlled harmonic radiation

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