Efficient detection and treatment of pharmaceutical contaminants to produce clean water for better health and environmental

Letsoalo, Mokgehle R.; Sithole, Thandiwe; Mufamadi, Steven; Mazhandu, Zvanaka S.; Sillanpää, Mika; Mashifana, Tebogo

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135798

Cited by 31 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…The wastewater from DEWATS and the Phoenix WWTP accumulated atazanavir; the effluent from DEWATS and the Northern WWTP accumulated efavirenz; and the effluents from all three WWTPs accumulated lopinavir and nevirapine. As a result, effluent disposal in aquatic environments has been regarded as the main route of pharmaceutical residues into the environment [27]. Additionally, it can be recommended that more research be tailored to developing efficient removal methods for these contaminants.…”

Section: Analgesics and Nsaidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Munzhelele,

Mudzielwana,

Ayinde

et al. 2024

Water

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The focus of this review article was to outline the sources, pathways, effects, occurrence, and spatial distribution of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in wastewater and receiving waters of South Africa. Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to gather data from different regions. A zone-wise classification method was used to determine the spatial distribution and data deficiencies in different regions of South Africa. This review revealed that over 100 pharmaceutical compounds have been reported in South Africa’s various water sources and wastewater, with most studies and highest concentrations being documented in Gauteng and Kwa-Zulu Natal. The pharmaceutical concentration in water samples ranged from ng/L to µg/L. Aspirin, ketoprofen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, erythromycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, acetaminophen, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, carbamazepine, atenolol, pindolol, efavirenz, and zidovudine residues were among the frequently detected pharmaceutical residues in water bodies and wastewaters of South Africa. Based on the spatial distribution data, Gauteng has the highest number of pharmaceuticals (108) detected in waste and surface water, with the Northern Cape having no monitoring evidence. Therefore, to precisely ascertain the geographical distribution of pharmaceutical contaminants in South Africa, this review recommends that further research be carried out to track their occurrence in aquatic environments and WWTP, especially in isolated regions like Limpopo.

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Section: Analgesics and Nsaidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Munzhelele,

Mudzielwana,

Ayinde

et al. 2024

Water

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“…Therefore, the increasing emerging contaminants in the environment have become a serious global concern. With this in mind, in addition to regulations for the proper handling and disposal of unused pharmaceuticals, costeffective and highly efficient methods are being developed and implemented in wastewater treatments as part of the global efforts to remove pharmaceuticals from water systems [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degrading Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater—A Review

Roslan,

Lau,

Suhaimi

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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A large variety of pharmaceutical compounds have recently been detected in wastewater and natural water systems. This review highlighted the significance of removing pharmaceutical compounds, which are considered indispensable emerging contaminants, from wastewater and natural water systems. Various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including UV-H2O2, Fenton and photo-Fenton, ozone-based processes, photocatalysis, and physical processes, such as sonolysis, microwave, and electron beam irradiation, which are regarded as the most viable methods to eliminate different categories of pharmaceutical compounds, are discussed. All these AOPs exhibit great promising techniques, and the catalytic degradation process of the emerging contaminants, advantages, and disadvantages of each technique were deliberated. Heterogeneous photocatalysis employing metal oxides, particularly anatase TiO2 nanoparticles as catalysts activated by UV light irradiation, was reviewed in terms of the electron–hole separation, migration of the charge carriers to the catalyst surfaces, and redox potential of the charge carriers. This brief overview also emphasized that anatase TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2-based nanomaterials are promising photocatalysts, and a combination of photocatalysis and other AOPs enhanced photocatalytic degradation efficiency. Finally, the challenges of applying anatase TiO2-based photocatalysis in environmental remediation and wastewater treatments to degrade pharmaceutical compounds, including mass spectroscopic analysis and a biological activity test of by-products of the emerging contaminants resulting from photocatalysis, are summarized.

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“…They have a tendency to accumulate and multiply in the body of organisms who consume them. , These further damage the endocrine system, if consumed and come in contact with human body . They can lead to serious complications, leading to impairment of body parts and even death . They are capable of causing irreversible harm to the living beings, emphasizing the need for further research in this domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 They can lead to serious complications, leading to impairment of body parts and even death. 6 They are capable of causing irreversible harm to the living beings, emphasizing the need for further research in this domain. Pharmaceutical contamination of surface and subsurface water bodies due to pharmaceutical contaminants and the process of their degradation by microbes in soil, water, wastewater, and sediments is well-documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Wastewater Remediation: A Review of Treatment Techniques

Date,

Jaspal

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Efficient detection and treatment of pharmaceutical contaminants to produce clean water for better health and environmental

Cited by 31 publications

References 131 publications

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Wastewater and Receiving Water Bodies of South Africa: A Review of Sources, Pathways, Occurrence, Effects, and Geographical Distribution

Recent Advances in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degrading Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater—A Review

Pharmaceutical Wastewater Remediation: A Review of Treatment Techniques

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