Efficient decoy states for the reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

Lu, Feng-Yu; Yin, Zhen-Qiang; Fan-Yuan, Guan-Jie; Wang, Rong; Liu, Huan; Wang, Shuang; Chen, Wei; He, De‐Yong; Huang, Wei; Xu, Bingjie; Guo, Guang‐Can; Han, Zheng‐Fu

doi:10.1103/physreva.101.052318

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, we can do nothing about the stronger PNS attack, which retains the gain of signal and decoy state, such as a partial PNS attack [ 15 ], because the premise of the derivation no longer holds, and the Type II error probability of our method in this case will be poor even close to unity. For this reason, compared with the existing decoy-state method [ 29 , 30 , 31 ] to directly estimate the secure key rate, our method is not ready for practical application now; however, we provide a new direction to improve the secure key rate and efficiency.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In MDI-QKD, Alice and Bob do not need to perform measurement operations, so it can be innately immune to all detection attacks. MDI-QKD combined with the decoy-state method can resist both source attacks and detection attacks; thus, decoy-state MDI-QKD [ 29 , 30 , 31 ] is one of the most promising QKD protocols, which can provide unconditional secure keys in practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detecting a Photon-Number Splitting Attack in Decoy-State Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution via Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Chen

Yan

2022

Entropy

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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is innately immune to all detection-side attacks. Due to the limitations of technology, most MDI-QKD protocols use weak coherent photon sources (WCPs), which may suffer from a photon-number splitting (PNS) attack from eavesdroppers. Therefore, the existing MDI-QKD protocols also need the decoy-state method, which can resist PNS attacks very well. However, the existing decoy-state methods do not attend to the existence of PNS attacks, and the secure keys are only generated by single-photon components. In fact, multiphoton pulses can also form secure keys if we can confirm that there is no PNS attack. For simplicity, we only analyze the weaker version of a PNS attack in which a legitimate user’s pulse count rate changes significantly after the attack. In this paper, under the null hypothesis of no PNS attack, we first determine whether there is an attack or not by retrieving the missing information of the existing decoy-state MDI-QKD protocols via statistical hypothesis testing, extract a normal distribution statistic, and provide a detection method and the corresponding Type I error probability. If the result is judged to be an attack, we use the existing decoy-state method to estimate the secure key rate. Otherwise, all pulses with the same basis leading to successful Bell state measurement (BSM) events including both single-photon pulses and multiphoton pulses can be used to generate secure keys, and we give the formula of the secure key rate in this case. Finally, based on actual experimental data from other literature, the associated experimental results (e.g., the significance level is 5%) show the correctness of our method.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting a Photon-Number Splitting Attack in Decoy-State Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution via Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Chen

Yan

2022

Entropy

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“…[13] This protocol not only simplifies the operation of existing devices, but can also be applied to new scenarios, such as earth-to-satellite links and integrated photonic waveguides, which have recently attracted significant attention. [14][15][16][17] In a QKD system, the communication distance may increase to 100 km or more. If the signals are transmitted through separate channels in different fibres, the efficiency of the fibres will be reduced, which will lead to temporal deviation between different signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution of wavelength division multiplexing with multiple quantum channels*

Sun¹,

Han²,

Dou³

et al. 2021

Chinese Phys. B

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Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-QKD) can allow a quantum key distribution system to obtain the ideal key rate and transmission distance without reference system calibration, which has attracted much attention. Here, we propose an RFI-QKD protocol based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) considering finite-key analysis and crosstalk. The finite-key bound for RFI-QKD with decoy states is derived under the crosstalk of WDM. The resulting secret key rate of RFI-QKD, which is more rigorous, is obtained. Simulation results reveal that the secret key rate of RFI-QKD based on WDM is affected by the multiplexing channel number, as well as crosstalk between adjacent channels.

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Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with modified coherent states

She

Zhang

2022

Quantum Inf Process

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Efficient decoy states for the reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Detecting a Photon-Number Splitting Attack in Decoy-State Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution via Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Detecting a Photon-Number Splitting Attack in Decoy-State Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution via Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution of wavelength division multiplexing with multiple quantum channels*

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with modified coherent states

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