Efficient decolorization and detoxification of triarylmethane and azo dyes by porous-cross-linked enzyme aggregates of Pleurotus ostreatus laccase

George, Jenet; Rajendran, Devi Sri; Kumar, Pankaj; Anand, Srinidhi Sonai; Kumar, Vikas; Rangasamy, Gayathri

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137612

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The results obtained for the analysis conducted on carbon source consumption and DyP activity levels for both carbon sources analyzed in the present research suggest that the AYG dye may be co-metabolized, thus inducing the production of DyP and other oxidases not evaluated in the experiments conducted by the present study. The ability of P. ostreatus to metabolize a wide variety of toxic compounds is primarily attributed to their non-specific multi-enzyme oxidative system, which comprises manganese peroxidases (MnPs; EC1.11.1.13), versatile peroxidases (VPs (EC1.11.1.16), laccases (Lacs; EC1.10.3.2), and dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyP;EC1.11.1.19) ( George et al, 2023 ; Kunjadia et al, 2016 ; Šlosarčíková et al, 2020 ). Our previous research reported that, when glucose was the sole carbon source, the addition of Acetyl Yellow G (AYG), Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), or Acid Blue 129 (AB129) dyes increased DyP activity, ultimately achieving complete decolorization ( Cuamatzi-Flores et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of dye-decolorizing peroxidase gene expression in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on glycerol as the carbon source

Cuamatzi-Flores,

Nava-Galicia,

Esquivel-Naranjo

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) (E.C. 1.11.1.19) are heme peroxidases that catalyze oxygen transfer reactions similarly to oxygenases. DyPs utilize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) both as an electron acceptor co-substrate and as an electron donor when oxidized to their respective radicals. The production of both DyPs and lignin-modifying enzymes (LMEs) is regulated by the carbon source, although less readily metabolizable carbon sources do improve LME production. The present study analyzed the effect of glycerol on Pleurotus ostreatus growth, total DyP activity, and the expression of three Pleos-dyp genes (Pleos-dyp1, Pleos-dyp2 and Pleos-dyp4), via real-time RT-qPCR, monitoring the time course of P. ostreatus cultures supplemented with either glycerol or glucose and Acetyl Yellow G (AYG) dye. The results obtained indicate that glycerol negatively affects P. ostreatus growth, giving a biomass production of 5.31 and 5.62 g/L with respective growth rates (micra; m) of 0.027 and 0.023 h−1 for fermentations in the absence and presence of AYG dye. In contrast, respective biomass production levels of 7.09 and 7.20 g/L and growth rates (μ) of 0.033 and 0.047 h−1 were observed in equivalent control fermentations conducted with glucose in the absence and presence of AYG dye. Higher DyP activity levels, 4,043 and 4,902 IU/L, were obtained for fermentations conducted on glycerol, equivalent to 2.6-fold and 3.16-fold higher than the activity observed when glucose is used as the carbon source. The differential regulation of the DyP-encoding genes in P. ostreatus were explored, evaluating the carbon source, the growth phase, and the influence of the dye. The global analysis of the expression patterns throughout the fermentation showed the up- and down- regulation of the three Pleos-dyp genes evaluated. The highest induction observed for the control media was that found for the Pleos-dyp1 gene, which is equivalent to an 11.1-fold increase in relative expression (log2) during the stationary phase of the culture (360 h), and for the glucose/AYG media was Pleos-dyp-4 with 8.28-fold increase after 168 h. In addition, glycerol preferentially induced the Pleos-dyp1 and Pleos-dyp2 genes, leading to respective 11.61 and 4.28-fold increases after 144 h. After 360 and 504 h of culture, 12.86 and 4.02-fold increases were observed in the induction levels presented by Pleos-dyp1 and Pleos-dyp2, respectively, in the presence of AYG. When transcription levels were referred to those found in the control media, adding AYG led to up-regulation of the three dyp genes throughout the fermentation. Contrary to the fermentation with glycerol, where up- and down-regulation was observed. The present study is the first report describing the effect of a less-metabolizable carbon source, such as glycerol, on the differential expression of DyP-encoding genes and their corresponding activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of dye-decolorizing peroxidase gene expression in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on glycerol as the carbon source

Cuamatzi-Flores,

Nava-Galicia,

Esquivel-Naranjo

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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“…Among the recombinant laccases, LAC 6 showed the highest ability to remove Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), Bromophenol blue (BB), Methyl orange (MO) and Malachite green (MG), with values between 73.1% and 91.5% after 24 h of incubation, suggesting that this laccase enzyme can be used for the treatment of textile industry effluents. George et al [ 191 ] utilized porous cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of P. ostreatus laccase for the decolorization and detoxification of triarylmethane and azo dyes, reactive blue 2 (RB) and malachite green (MG). The CLEAs of the laccase decolorized 500 ppm of MG and RB with 98.12 and 58.33% efficiency after 120 min, at a pH 5.0 and 50 °C, without a mediator.…”

Section: Bioremediation By White Rot Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

White Rot Fungi as Tools for the Bioremediation of Xenobiotics: A Review

Torres-Farradá,

Thijs,

Rineau

et al. 2024

JoF

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Industrial development has enhanced the release into the environment of large quantities of chemical compounds with high toxicity and limited prospects of degradation. The pollution of soil and water with xenobiotic chemicals has become a major ecological issue; therefore, innovative treatment technologies need to be explored. Fungal bioremediation is a promising technology exploiting their metabolic potential to remove or lower the concentrations of xenobiotics. In particular, white rot fungi (WRF) are unique microorganisms that show high capacities to degrade a wide range of toxic xenobiotic compounds such as synthetic dyes, chlorophenols, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphate pesticides, explosives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this review, we address the main classes of enzymes involved in the fungal degradation of organic pollutants, the main mechanisms used by fungi to degrade these chemicals and the suitability of fungal biomass or extracellular enzymes for bioremediation. We also exemplify the role of several fungi in degrading pollutants such as synthetic dyes, PAHs and emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and perfluoroalkyl/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Finally, we discuss the existing current limitations of using WRF for the bioremediation of polluted environments and future strategies to improve biodegradation processes.

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“…CLEAs are carrier-free cross-linking methods, meaning that they are more cost-effective than other immobilization methods that use support materials. Hence, the ability of laccase-CLEAs to degrade dyes was tested [78]. Laccase-CLEAs showed good operational stability in the batch reactor (centrifuge tube), with their degradation activities being 89% and 12% at the sixth cycle for MG and RB2, respectively.…”

Section: Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of Hazardous Pollutants Using Enzyme-Immobilized Reactors

Yamaguchi,

Miyazaki

2024

Molecules

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Bioremediation uses the degradation abilities of microorganisms and other organisms to remove harmful pollutants that pollute the natural environment, helping return it to a natural state that is free of harmful substances. Organism-derived enzymes can degrade and eliminate a variety of pollutants and transform them into non-toxic forms; as such, they are expected to be used in bioremediation. However, since enzymes are proteins, the low operational stability and catalytic efficiency of free enzyme-based degradation systems need improvement. Enzyme immobilization methods are often used to overcome these challenges. Several enzyme immobilization methods have been applied to improve operational stability and reduce remediation costs. Herein, we review recent advancements in immobilized enzymes for bioremediation and summarize the methods for preparing immobilized enzymes for use as catalysts and in pollutant degradation systems. Additionally, the advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of immobilized enzymes in bioremediation are discussed.

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Efficient decolorization and detoxification of triarylmethane and azo dyes by porous-cross-linked enzyme aggregates of Pleurotus ostreatus laccase

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Regulation of dye-decolorizing peroxidase gene expression in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on glycerol as the carbon source

Regulation of dye-decolorizing peroxidase gene expression in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on glycerol as the carbon source

White Rot Fungi as Tools for the Bioremediation of Xenobiotics: A Review

Bioremediation of Hazardous Pollutants Using Enzyme-Immobilized Reactors

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