2020
DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.14.054029
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Efficient Asymmetric Transmission of Elastic Waves in Thin Plates with Lossless Metasurfaces

Abstract: Requiring neither active components nor complex designs, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a generic framework for undistorted asymmetric elastic-wave transmission in a thin plate just using a layer of lossless metasurface. The asymmetric transmission stems from the uneven diffraction of +1 and -1 orders on opposite sides of the metasurface, respectively. Compared with previous loss-induced strategies, the present metasurface maintains a nearly total transmission for the transportation side, but a tota… Show more

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Cited by 65 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…where 𝜆 is the wavelength, 𝑛 is the diffraction order, subscripts 𝑡 and 𝑟 represent the transmitted and reflected waves, respectively. It indicates that the selection of transmission or reflection performance for the outgoing waves can be determined by the integer-parity design of metagratings, which has been experimentally verified recently in both acoustics 36 and elastodynamics 37 . Based on Eq.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 78%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…where 𝜆 is the wavelength, 𝑛 is the diffraction order, subscripts 𝑡 and 𝑟 represent the transmitted and reflected waves, respectively. It indicates that the selection of transmission or reflection performance for the outgoing waves can be determined by the integer-parity design of metagratings, which has been experimentally verified recently in both acoustics 36 and elastodynamics 37 . Based on Eq.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…Emphasizing on the unity efficiency, metagratings can modify the GSL with a supercell concept, which consists of only a few (or even single) unit cells. By doing this, anomalous refractions or/and reflections of every higher-order diffraction mode could be coherently assigned 36,37 . It is noteworthy, as an essential factor, each sub-unit in the metagrating should be high-efficient to guarantee the whole steering efficiency.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wang 等人 [59] 在带有"X"孔的声子晶体板上通过设置具有 2 倍晶格常数的"X"型缺陷孔洞链制备了 耦合共振体波导,并通过实验观察到受强约束的兰姆波在波导中传输。当波与声子晶体波导耦合 时,通常会观察到频率传输的调制,从而形成信道频谱,Wang 等人 [60] 基于前向和后向布洛赫波 的干扰提出一个可以预测波导中压力分布和通道谱形状的模型, 并在水银和水柱组成的声子晶体 中分别引入线缺陷和线性空腔链来制备的线性波导和耦合共振体波导中进行了数值模拟, 模拟的 传输频率分布和压力分布与模型预测结果一致。随后,Wang 等人 [61] 制备了由 17 个耦合谐振器 组成的没有确定空间周期性的空腔链,由于其具有完整的带隙,因此薄板中只有倏逝波可以在平 面中相邻的谐振器之间穿行,该工作为声子聚合物提供了一个发展方向。 实现波的非对称传输对于波导的设计具有重要意义,近些年来人们在该方面做了许多研究 [62] 。Boechler 等人 [63] 提出由静态压缩的一维接触粒子阵列组成的颗粒非线性声子晶体,在边界附 近含有轻质量缺陷。如果对其施加一个低振幅且位于带隙内的激励,则由于带隙的存在和缺陷粒 子局域模的存在,正向和反向均无能量通过。若增大驱动,使其超过临界驱动幅值,反向配置中 的局域模就会失去稳定性,并产生具有宽带频率的非线性波,从而实现能量的传输,但正向配置 由于带隙的存在依旧无能量通过。他们利用这种非对称激发分岔的组合使整流比达到 10 4 ,同时 具有 1.7%的传输效率。Cao 等人 [64] 将两种具有不同超单元长度的弹性超表面组合在一起实现了 弯曲波的非对称传输,与传统非对称传输相比,该结构既无模式转换也无内部损耗。并通过实验 证明其在工作频段内正向传输效率达 90%,且反向入射能量几乎完全被阻挡。Li 等人 [65] 提出一 种基于超表面两侧+1 和-1 阶不对称衍射所制备的非对称透射超表面,该超表面表现出极高的传 输对比度,且不受入射角限制。 近些年来,随着拓扑绝缘体概念在弹性波领域的兴起,拓扑保护的边界态逐渐受到了人们的 关注 [66] 。与常规通过引入缺陷实现的波导不同,拓扑边界态可以贯穿整个带隙,具有抑制背散 射、免疫加工缺陷等优点。在经典材料中想实现拓扑保护的边界态主要有如下三种方法:一是通 A c c e p t e d https://engine.scichina.com/doi/10.1360/TB-2021-1310 过打破时间反演对称性,二是构造赝自旋,三是在不同谷拓扑材料的界面实现谷投影边界态,这 三种方法分别对应电子系统中的量子霍尔效应、量子自旋霍尔效应和谷霍尔效应。 在光子晶体中可以使用非互异性介质材料或外加磁场来打破时间反演对称性, 同为玻色子的 声子体系由于对外磁场不敏感,因而只能通过在环型共振腔中引入流场来实现等效磁场,以达到 非互易性传播的目的 [67] 。在弹性波系统中打破时间反演对称性具有很大挑战,Wang 等人 [68] 提出 陀螺声子晶体,其利用陀螺惯性效应来打破时间反转对称性实现了横波和纵波拓扑非平庸带隙, 不仅实现了"抗背散射"的单向弹性波边界态, 还首次展示了声子系统中陈数大于 1 的多模边界态。 对于通过构造赝自旋来实现弹性波量子自旋霍尔效应而言。Miniaci 等人 [69] 提出一种亚波长 钻孔板,通过调节参数获得面内和面外两种模态偶然简并的双重狄拉克锥,并以此来模拟量子自 旋霍尔效应。Yu 等人 [70] 使用具有不同孔中心距离的有序穿孔板构造了两种能带翻转的弹性波绝 缘体,并利用其实现了自旋动量锁定的弹性波赝自旋½。所获得的弹性波边界态对多种缺陷和弯 曲具有鲁棒性,且具有灵活的传输路径。Cha 等人 [71] 利用微纳加工技术,在硅片上制备了超过兆 赫兹频率的弹性波拓扑绝缘体,为发展集成拓扑声学元件在信号处理领域的应用奠定了基础。 相较于前两种方法,第三种方法则相对容易实现。Vila 等人 [72] 证明了二维弹性六边形晶格带 隙内界面模式的存在,并通过实验观测到了受拓扑保护的边界态。Yan 等人 [73] 利用微加工技术, 在硅芯片上实现了频率达到 MHz 量级的弹性波谷拓扑材料。这些在硅片表面传输的弹性波边界 态同样具有单向性,同时,在弹性波拓扑波导的交点处可以观察到边界态的分束现象,且分束比 例可以按需调节。Gao 等人 [74] 构造了一种具有双层"Y"型柱的薄声子晶体板,通过旋转 Y 柱,并 将旋转前后两种材料合理组合,可以实现弹性波的转弯及分束。Laforge 等人 [75] 展示了一种具有 矩形晶格的声子晶体中拓扑边界态的实现,为非六角晶格的能量运输开辟了一条新的途径。 A c c e p t e d https://engine.scichina.com/doi/10.1360/TB-2021-1310 图 5 板波超材料波导模拟图。(a)三个单元宽度的线缺陷波导 [57] ;(b)线缺陷波导模拟图 [57] ;(c)损耗因 子为 0.1 时,入射角为+30°和(d)入射角为-30°的能量场 [65] ;(e)两个弹性螺旋边界态 [70] ;(f)一个 Z 字形波导 [70] 。 Figure 5 Plate wave metamaterial waveguide simulation diagram. (a) Line defect waveguide with three cell widths [57] ; (b) line defect waveguide simulation d...…”
Section: 波导unclassified
“…P. Packo et al also proposed a grating structure to achieve anomalous reflection and refraction of flexural waves [34]. Although there are many interesting studies on the modulation of Lamb or SH waves in thin plates with metasurfaces or gratings [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], in numerous application fields such as non-destructive assessment and structural health monitoring, the complete and simultaneous control of bulk longitudinal and transverse waves are highly desired. In this regard, people utilized plate-like waveguide structures to split the p-wave from SV-wave [51] and achieve abnormal refraction of the SV-wave [52] or used a topology optimization method to obtain anomalous reflection [53] or refraction [54] of a longitudinal wave.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%