Efficient antioxidant defence systems of spring barley in response to stress induced jointly by the cyst nematode parasitism and cadmium exposure

Abstract

Aims This research aimed to establish how Hordeum vulgare responds to abiotic and biotic stress affecting in tandem. Methods Plants were inoculated with Heterodera filipjevi and treated with cadmium (Cd) concentration (5 μM) that can occur in the cultivated soil. To verify the hypothesis about participation of increased antioxidative defence in H. vulgare under stress, biochemical and microscopic methods were implemented. Results The amount of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide was diminished in plants that were both nematode-inoculated and cadmium-treated. Superoxide anions were rendered harmless by increased activity of superoxide dismutase, and H2O2 was scavenged via Foyer-Halliwell-Asada pathway. The unique enhanced antioxidant capacity of double stressed plants was also linked with the accumulation of S-nitrosoglutathione as nitrosoglutathione reductase activity was inhibited. Furthermore, stimulated activity of arginase in these plants could promote polyamine synthesis and indirectly enhance non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanism. Results indicate that different antioxidants operating together significantly restricted oxidation of lipids and proteins, thus the integrity of cell membranes and protein functions were maintained. Conclusions The ROS deactivation machinery in barley leaves showed an unusual response during stress induced by H. filipjevi infection and cadmium treatment. Plants could induce a multi-component model of stress response, to detoxify Cd ions and efficiently repair stress damage.

Agitated cultures and temporary immersion bioreactors are effective modes of cultivation for Reynoutria japonica Houtt. and stimulate synthesis of phenolic compounds

“…The crucial reaction of phenylalanine conversion into trans-cynnamic acid is catalyzed by phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) (Kumar and Goel 2019). PAL activity, and hence, phenolic acids synthesis relates to stress responses, as well as with primary and secondary metabolism (Labudda et al 2020b). Plants cultivated in ex vitro conditions have increased activity of primary and secondary metabolism pathways, due to being completely autotrophic, comparing to the plants from in vitro conditions.…”

Melatonin Mitigates Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress and Modifies Phospholipid Profile in Tobacco BY-2 Suspension Cells

“…However, there are some papers indicating no evidence of lipid peroxidation after Cd or Ni treatment, although the accumulation of ROS was observed [47,58,59]. Labudda et al [60] even showed nearly two-fold lower TBARS content after Cd exposure. Taking these data into account, it seems that apart from lipid peroxidation, changes in lipid composition might also contribute to membrane damage.…”

Soil and plant health in relation to dynamic sustainment of Eh and pH homeostasis: A review

“…Detrimental nematodes seem to require oxidized conditions as suggested by the negative impact of reduced conditions during anaerobic soil disinfection (Di Gioia et al 2016;Browne et al 2018), the efficient antioxidant defense systems of spring barley in response to stress induced by Heterodera filipjevi (Labudda et al 2020), the high nematicide activity of reduced organic acids (Oka 2010), or the requirement of peroxiredoxins from…”