“…In difficult-to-transfect cells, including primary stem cells, delivery of transposon-based vectors can be significantly facilitated by nucleofection, a procedure based on electroporation that transfers nucleic acids directly into the nucleus. Indeed, nucleofection facilitated transposition in various stem cells including CD34 + hematopoietic progenitors (Hollis et al, 2006;Izsvák et al, 2009;Mates et al, 2009;Sumiyoshi et al, 2009;Xue et al, 2009), primary T cells (Huang et al, 2008Singh et al, 2008) and human embryonic stem cells (Wilber et al, 2007;Orban et al, 2009). Importantly, in the context of the hematopoietic system, this ex vivo gene delivery procedure apparently did not compromise the potential of transposon-marked CD34 + cells to differentiate normally into the erythroid, megakaryocytic, granulocyte/monocyte/macrophage lineage as well as into the CD4 + CD8 + T, CD19 + B, CD56 + CD3 -natural killer (NK), and CD33 + myeloid lineages (Xue et al, 2009).…”