Efficiency of virus elimination from potted apple plants by thermotherapy coupled with shoot-tip grafting

Efficacy of virus elimination from apple by thermotherapy coupled with in vivo shoot‐tip grafting and in vitro meristem culture

“…For YF9, four of six shoot tips of were regenerated after grafting, but only one tip was survival in the seven cultured shoots. It was reported that different apple varieties showed varying tolerances to temperature (Hu, Zhang et al., ), which could also be found in the plans treated by the two methods. Although the average survival rate of thermotherapy coupled with in vitro meristem culture was low, the rate of ZZ5 could be up to 60.0% (3/6).…”

“…All dormant potted apple plants were maintained in growing chambers at 28 ± 1°C with a 16‐h light/8‐h dark photoperiod and 70% relative humidity. When plants started to sprout (approximately 20–25 days), they were treated at 38 ± 1°C for 30 days (Hu, Zhang et al., ).…”

“…At present, use of virus‐free planting materials is pivotal for the control of apple viral diseases, which proved to promote plant growth vigour and increase fruit yield and quality (Cieslińska & Rutkowski, ; Koike, Makita, Tsukahara, & Sukahara, ), thus bringing great benefits to the apple growers. Heat treatment of plants in vivo or in vitro reduces virus titres and improves the efficiency of virus eradication (Hu, Dong et al., ; Hu, Zhang et al., ; Mink, Wample, & Howell, ). Thermotherapy followed by meristem culture (Hu, Hong, Wang, Hu, & Wang, ; Lassois, Lepoivre, Swennen, van den Houwe, & Panis, ; Manganaris, Economou, Boubourakas, & Katis, ; Zilka et al., ) and shoot‐tip grafting (Hoffman et al., ; Sharma et al., ) can markedly enhance virus eradication.…”

Analysis of virus structure variants in before- and after-thermotherapy-treated apple plants

“…The amplification of virus in before-and afterthermotherapy apple plants Viral analysis showed that many surviving plants were infected by viruses and that many regenerated apple plants were also virus infected (Hu et al, 2015). The structure of virus variants in before-and after-thermotherapy apple plants…”

“…The elimination rates of the regenerated plants from the same plant treated by high temperature were different; some of them could be virus free, whilst others could be virus infected (Hu et al, 2015). It is reported that the success of thermotherapy depends on the treatment application method, the specific pathogen and genotype interaction, and the concentration of virus in the initial plant material (Verma, Ram, & Zaidi, 2005).…”