Efficiency of smoke removal by charged water droplets

Balachandran, W.; Jaworek, A.; Krupa, A.; Kulon, Janusz; Lackowski, M.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3886(03)00049-4

Cited by 48 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Wet electrostatic scrubber is a spray tower equipped with an electrified spray unit for electrically charged water droplets generation and, optionally, a particle pre-charging unit. The electrostatic forces between droplets and particles lead to a more rapid and effective particle capture onto the droplets compared with conventional spray scrubbers [18,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. Besides, wet electrostatic scrubbers inherit all the structural and process advantages of conventional scrubbers as the low pressure drops and simple design and operation, as well as the ability to simultaneous removal of soluble gases.…”

Section: Water Electrified Sprays For Emission Control In Energy Prodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Electrified Sprays for Emission Control in Energy Production Processes

F.¹,

Carotenuto²,

Manna³

et al. 2016

IJHT

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Energy generation by fossil fuels produces significant amount of pollutants. Among the most toxic of them, there are SO2 and particulate matter. The first is a toxic gas that is subjected to severe regulations, the second is only partially regulated since the most toxic fractions of particles, i.e. the ultrafine particles, are nor easily measured neither properly captured by conventional technologies available at commercial level. Electrification of water sprays provide a reliable way to improve both the SO2 mass transfer rates and the particle capture efficiency, thanks to the multiple effects of electric charges imposed on the sprayed droplets. In this paper, we report experimental findings on the use of electrified sprays of water to reduce SO2 and particulate matter form a model flue gas. Tests were performed both laboratory and pilot scale. The experiments are compared with the performances of the same spray operated without electrification. In the pilot scale unit, particle removal efficiency is negligible and SO2 removal is up to 97% with the uncharged spray, The use of induction charging and exposure to corona pre-charging allow achieving >93% reduction of particulate matter and to >99% SO2 reductions. Experiments at laboratory scale shed light on the mechanisms of particle and SO2 capture. In particular, the experimental results revealed that a stochastic scavenging model presented in our former works (data not shown) well described the particle capture and that for charged droplets, the absorption rate for SO2 improved by about 60% respect to uncharged droplets.

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Section: Water Electrified Sprays For Emission Control In Energy Prodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Electrified Sprays for Emission Control in Energy Production Processes

F.¹,

Carotenuto²,

Manna³

et al. 2016

IJHT

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“…4;2014 normal distribution on higher elevation, close to the ceiling. After water droplets attracting to dust particles and it was caught by cohesive forces more and more, the gravitational forces were dominated to make dust particles, as adhered with more water molecules, falling down to the ground floor in terms of TSP and PM10 (Balachandran et al 2003). The said process caused high concentration of adhering water droplets on closer ground floor rather than on higher elevation and gradually decreasing concentration at the ceiling of the MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station.…”

Section: Coagulation Between Water Droplets and Dust Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In paralleling of aforementioned statements, Sellers (1969); Linsley et al (1988); Grim (1962); Grunding et al (2006); Hidy and Brock (1971); Baver et al (1972); Gaunt et al (2003aGaunt et al ( , 2003b; Carotenuto et al (2010); Botkin & Keller (2005); Balachandran et al (2003) have done their research works and found that wind is identified as the supporting factors for fly dust moving, particularly turbulent wind and also dry season. Also, there are suspended dust particles in the atmosphere which is high concentration in the tropopause atmospheric layer, less in the stratosphere, and very less in the mesosphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Using Multiple-Phase Nozzles to Produce Water Droplets for Removing Smaller Dust Particles of Below MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai Station in Bangkok Thailand

Duangmal¹,

Bualert²,

Chunkao³

2014

MAS

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The research is intentionally aimed to employ the multiple-phase nozzles to produce the 10-micrometer water droplets in gas form to remove less 100-micrometer smaller dust particles by agglomeration process inside street tunnel on heavy traffic point sources at sky train MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station in Bangkok. The four sets of 100-m hoses with 52 multiple-phase nozzles (208 nozzles) were established on 100-m beams (four beams), which are 21-m wide (5-m apart) and 5.575-m high, and connecting with high pressure pump (1,000 lbs/min) to press clean water 0.076 liters/min through the 10-micrometer orifice nozzles. The spraying time was about every 10 minutes during collecting TSP and PM10 dust by Hi-Volume Air Sampler on five periods of 05:00-08:00, 08:00-11:00, 11:00-14:00, 14:00-17:00, and 17:00-20:00 for 5-consecutive days, 30 November to 4 December 2008. Also, the air temperature, actual vapor pressure, and speed-direction wind measured at 1.5 and 5.0 meters in height underneath of the ceiling and above the roof of MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station. Results found that the multiple-phase nozzles showed effectiveness to remove the smaller 100-micrometer dust particles underneath of MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station by spraying 10-micrometer water droplets through 10-micrometer orifice nozzles. The decreasing concentration of TSP northerly 30.25 %, southerly 26.21 %; and also for PM10 northerly 39.96 %, southerly 40.39 %. Moreover, the concentration between street tunnel and northerly were decreased in both TSP (30.38%) and PM10 (40.17 %), and southerly were decreased in both TSP (30.05%) and PM10 (40.88 %). In case, on the central line effects between street tunnel and northerly found the decreases of TSP (30.64%) and PM10 (37.65%), southerly decreases of TSP (33.71%) and PM10 (43.78%). An increase of the 10-micrometer water droplets spraying frequency through multiple-phase nozzles (208 nozzles) is expected to gain more decreasing concentration down to under standard values. In addition, an applying the concentration of smaller 100-micrometer dust particles is useful for setting the automatic pumping operation that would be acceptable to the public.

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“…The concept of hydraulic equivalent diameter was used while the model developed was applied to the rectangular geometry. The removal of aerosol particles, for instance dust or smoke, by charged droplets was investigated experimentally by Balachandran et al (2003). A rotary atomizer was used to generate the droplets that were sprayed and simultaneously charged inductively.…”

Section: Status Of Recent Research On the Particulate And/or Gaseous mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting Particulate and Gaseous Pollution Control Device

Bandyopadhyay

2012

Particulate Science and Technology

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Industrialization tends to be accompanied by growing population and increasing awareness on environmental problems, making the use of pollution control equipment imperative. However, the air pollution is a complex phenomenon, as the pollutants distributed in the air are molecularly more random than in other media (soil and water). The control of air pollution, therefore, often becomes a more energy intensive process, leading to increased CO 2 emissions. Further, air pollution comprises particulate and gaseous pollutions requiring different control philosophies. When the control of both particulate and gaseous pollutants is required in a single step, the selection of equipment is further complicated. This article outlines how such complications could be avoided by developing an understanding on the criteria of selecting air pollution control devices. The advantages and disadvantages of all generic control devices are critically appraised for the better understanding by both the designers and users. Emission trading, bubble policy, and the recommendations of the World Bank Guidelines for controlling particulates, SO 2 , and NO X pollution are highlighted. The recent research on the development of air pollution control devices are appraised critically. Finally, the criteria on selecting equipment for controlling particulate-laden-gaseous pollution in a single step are critically elucidated with few case studies.

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Efficiency of smoke removal by charged water droplets

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Water Electrified Sprays for Emission Control in Energy Production Processes

Water Electrified Sprays for Emission Control in Energy Production Processes

Using Multiple-Phase Nozzles to Produce Water Droplets for Removing Smaller Dust Particles of Below MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai Station in Bangkok Thailand

Selecting Particulate and Gaseous Pollution Control Device

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