Efficiency of parks in mitigating urban heat island effect: An example from Addis Ababa

Feyisa, Gudina Legese; Dons, Klaus; Meilby, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.12.008

Cited by 508 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Our results indicated that the park LST depended on the park size, perimeter, shape, and patch density, as well as the percent area of water, grass, and impervious surfaces in parks. These results generally agree with previous studies [11,16].…”

Section: Urban Park Lst and Impact Factorssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The urban park cooling effect can be influenced by many factors that can be classified into two categories: urban park characteristics and external impactors (e.g., distance to the park, surrounding land use pattern, and topography) [11,28]. Similar to the relationships between urban park features and LST, the park size, park perimeter, and park water bodies were all positively correlated with the PCI, consistent with previous studies [32,53,54].…”

Section: The Relationships Between the Pci And Impact Factorssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Urban parks which can provide important ecosystem services to ameliorate the impacts of urbanization, such as noise reduction, recreational facilities, microclimate regulation, and air pollution reduction, have been shown to significantly mitigate the UHI effect during the hot season [10][11][12][13][14][15]. The …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cooling Effect of Urban Parks and Its Monthly Variations in a Snow Climate City

Yang

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing

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Urban parks have been shown to form park cool islands (PCIs), which can effectively alleviate the negative influences of urban heat islands (UHI). However, few studies have examined the detailed characteristics of PCIs, the effect of urban park features on their individual temperatures, and monthly variation in PCIs. Land surface temperature (LST) retrieved from Landsat 8 TIR images between May and October were used to represent the thermal environment. Urban park characteristics were extracted from high-resolution GF-2 images. Using these datasets, the relationships between urban park characteristics and PCIs were explored in this study using Changchun, which has a snow climate, as a case study. The results showed the following: (1) the urban parks exhibited a cooling island effect, and the PCIs showed significant monthly variations with the highest intensities in the hot months; (2) the effects of composition (e.g., park size and the percentage of water area) on LSTs and PCIs showed significant monthly variability and were stronger than the configuration effects. Furthermore, an unexpected, negative correlation between PCIs and the area of park grass was also found; and (3) larger parks tended to have stronger PCI intensities and extents of influence. For parks larger than 30 ha, the cooling effects extended approximately 480 m from the park edge between June and August. For all of parks during the study duration, the rate of temperature increase was highest within 60 m from the park edge. The PCI we employ specifically in this study is characterized by LST.

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Section: Urban Park Lst and Impact Factorssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: The Relationships Between the Pci And Impact Factorssupporting

confidence: 87%

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The Cooling Effect of Urban Parks and Its Monthly Variations in a Snow Climate City

Yang

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing

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“…Compared to rural or natural land cover, urban surface characteristics result in increased surface runoff, reduced latent heat flux and increased sensible heat flux to the urban atmosphere, all of which affect human comfort and activity [9,10]. Knowledge of how vegetation and land cover influence energy exchange processes and thus the urban climate is essential in forecasting how ecosystems will react and respond to future physical and biological disturbances as designed or unintended consequences [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Balance of Urban Materials and Their Thermal Impact in Semi-Desert Region: Mexicali, México Study Case

et al. 2015

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Net radiation is an essential forcing of climate in the lower layers of Earth's atmosphere. In this paper, radiation balance is measured in clay soil and green grass, and is compared with three urban materials. These materials: asphalt, concrete and white painted elastomeric polystyrene roofing sheet are widely used in Mexicali, Baja California, México. This study was carried out during August of 2011, the hottest time of the year. The 24-hour average values of net radiation found were: 137.2 W·m −2 for asphalt, 119.1 for concrete, 104.6 for clay soil, 152 for green grass and 29.2 for the polystyrene insulation. The latter two types of materials are likely to be the most effective in reducing urban heat island effects. This variation in the radiation balance has widespread implications for human living conditions, as land cover change tends to be towards surfaces that have higher levels of net radiation.

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“…There are many studies that affirm the benefits of ecological services of UGS's to residents [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Some important ecological services of UGS's are the promotion of the well-being of people [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], recreational activities [20,21], the mitigation of high temperatures [6,[22][23][24], the abatement of air pollution [25], the sequestration of CO 2 and release of more O 2 [5,26], noise reduction [22], the provision of wildlife habitats [27][28][29][30], the prevention of flood and soil erosion [31], the improvement of city amenities [32,33], and an increase in property (land and house) values [34][35][36][37]. However, many of these benefits are determined by the different levels of species group, canopy cover, size, and shape of UGS's [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Knowledge and Demand of Young Residents regarding the Ecological Services of Urban Green Spaces in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The fast and steady economic growth and social changes in recent years in Cambodia have brought rapid expansion and restructuring to its cities. These phenomena have brought numerous challenges including threats to urban green spaces (UGS's). This study addresses problems of UGS's by investigating the knowledge and perceptions of young residents of Phnom Penh (YRPPs) toward UGS's in relation to the following: (1) basic knowledge of YRPPs on ecological services (KES) of UGS's; (2) perceptions of YRPPs on the current state of UGS's (PUGS's) in Phnom Penh; (3) demand of YRPPs for UGS's in the city (DUGS); and (4) associations between KES, PUGS's, social profiles (SoPs), and DUGS. A questionnaire was designed to solicit knowledge from 554 respondents randomly selected from the study area. The findings revealed that 83.1% of total respondents strongly recognized ecological services of UGS's. Four subgroups of ecological services, namely microclimate (89.7%), environmental quality and functions (83.8%), recreational and public health services (88.5%), and economic benefits (70.4%) were all rated highly. Because the current state of UGS's was very poor (68.4%), demand for UGS's was high (94.43%). Public toilets (84.7%) and rubbish bins (75.6%) were both rated the poorest. The PUGS's were significantly associated with KES (r = 0.307, F (3, 543) = 18.83, p < 0.001). This study offers a deep understanding about knowledge and demand of YRPPs for UGS's.

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Efficiency of parks in mitigating urban heat island effect: An example from Addis Ababa

Cited by 508 publications

References 44 publications

The Cooling Effect of Urban Parks and Its Monthly Variations in a Snow Climate City

The Cooling Effect of Urban Parks and Its Monthly Variations in a Snow Climate City

Radiation Balance of Urban Materials and Their Thermal Impact in Semi-Desert Region: Mexicali, México Study Case

An Assessment of the Knowledge and Demand of Young Residents regarding the Ecological Services of Urban Green Spaces in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

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