Efficiency of early, single-dose probiotic administration methods on performance, small intestinal morphology, blood biochemistry, and immune response of Japanese quail

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of early probiotics (single dose) administered in different ways, on quails' performance, small intestine morphology, blood biochemistry, and immune response. In total, 192 day-old chicks were used in one of the following experimental groups before being transferred to a raising room: 1) Control (no probiotic administered), 2) oral gavage, 3) spray, and 4) vent lip. Four replicates of 12 chicks per cage were considered for each treatment and birds were raised up to 35 d in the same conditions. Probiotic treated birds had higher d 1 to 35 feed intake than the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, oral-gavaged birds had a higher body weight gain as compared to the control (P < 0.05). The values of duodenum length and villus height of the oral group and ileum length and villus height of the vent lip group were greater than that of the control (P < 0.01). Regardless of the method of administration, probiotics resulted in deeper crypts and in a higher number of goblet cells in the duodenum and ileum as compared to the control (P < 0.01). The administration of probiotics resulted in increased plasma uric acid (P < 0.05), glucose, and total protein (P < 0.01). The concentration of hemoglobin was slightly higher in probiotic-supplemented groups. While a decreased concentration of triglyceride was observed in vent-lip probiotic-administered birds compared to control (P < 0.05), the concentration of cholesterol was not significantly affected by treatments (P > 0.01). None of the immune-related parameters were affected by the probiotic (P > 0.05). Single dose usage of probiotics exerts its beneficial effects on quails' body weight gain, feed intake and mortality in 1 to 35 d period, regardless of the route of administration. This work generally supports the efficacy of single-dose usage of probiotics and suggests the spray of probiotics as an early, single-dose administration method.

Efficacy and safety assessment of microbiological feed additive for chicken broilers in tolerance studies

“…Recorded by Albokhadaim et al, the concentration of uric acid in the blood of four-weekold chickens was independent of sex and was higher than in this study but the chickens were reared at much higher temperature (32°C) (2). Single administration of probiotic to one-day-old chicks resulted in increasing concentration of blood-carbohydrate, glucose, protein, and haemoglobin levels after 35 days of rearing (22).…”

Influence of Pichia pastoris X-33 produced in industrial residues on productive performance, egg quality, immunity, and intestinal morphometry in quails

“…In poultry farming, the main probiotics effects observed are the improvement on broiler performance and antimicrobial activity against intestinal pathogens such as Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli , and Clostridium perfringens 38–43 . In quails, the administration of a single probiotic species or a probiotic consortium has been demonstrated to promote weight gain, improve blood biochemical parameters such as decrease on triglycerides and cholesterol levels 30 , protect against aflatoxins present in the diet, and modulate the immune system 28,29 .…”

“…Among the attractive characteristics of quails are fast growth, early sexual maturity, early posture, short incubation period, high productivity, persistence in egg production, housing of large populations in small spaces and low cost of housing 25–27 . Some previous studies in quails have already indicated the beneficial effects of probiotic administration on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, immunomodulation, and protection against toxins 28–30 .…”

The effect of partial replacement of soybean meal with fermented soybean meal on chicken performance and immune status

“…Various authors (Kim et al, 2016;Seifi et al, 2017;Drażbo et al, 2018;Jazi et al, 2018) confirmed the beneficial effects of fermented soybeans, rapeseed or faba beans in poultry feed. Fermentation is an easy and inexpensive way to improve the nutritional value of soybeans, which in addition to high-value protein also contain anti-nutritional factors (ANFs).…”