“…Note. Based on information from Rycroft-Malone, 2004. patients undergoing abdominal laparoscopic surgery: practicing relaxation therapy with guided imagery, listening to music or simply decreasing noise, employing massage and touch therapy, ambulating, and using hot packs for shoulder tip pain (Broadbent et al, 2012;Çankaya & Saritaş, 2018;Ikonomidou et al, 2004;Koraş & Karabulut, 2019;Lasaponari et al, 2013;Laurion & Fetzer, 2003;Mohamed & Abd Elhady, 2019;Rafer et al, 2015). To determine best practices for nonpharmacologic pain management in this AXR population, the following three prongs of evidence-based practice were considered: (a) literature review, (b) patient and caregiver experience and values, and (c) clinician expertise.…”