Efficiency Evaluation of Hospitals Sterilization by Biological and Chemical Methods

Abstract

Autoclaving is one of the methods which sterilizes medical solidwaste. This study was carried out to evaluate efficiency of autoclaves in two Shahrekord hospitals(Kashani and Hajar) in Iran by biological and chemical indicators. In this study, the performance of autoclave was studied based on biological and chemical through setting 96 tests. Variables were loading type in four groups (light, medium, semi- heavy, and heavy), location, type of hospital , and temperature-135°C, time10min features in fixed pressure equal to 4.2 bar. Biological and chemical indicators were ATCC 7953 which contained Stearotermophilus Geobacillus spores ,and chemical indicator Class 6 with three color circle as weekly, respectively.The best autoclave operational condition based on biological indicator in both hospitals were light loading rate in Kashani and Hajar 66%(8), and 75%(9) desirable results, respectively. Each four loading rate level based on biological and chemical indicators the Hajar hospital with 68% desirable results were more efficiency than Kashani hospital with57% desirable results. According to results of this study (biological index) sterilization failure in kashani and Hajar hospitals were 65%, and 50%, respectively.There is an increased need for suitable regulation and control of autoclave devices and for monitoring and suitable handling of these devices in developing countries.

Performance evaluation of the sterilization process with Bowie & Dick test and biological indicator in the quality control of a blood bank in Peru

“…[ 25 ] Another study that compares operational autoclaving conditions with chemical (no Bowie & Dick) and biological indicators showed that chemical present more pass test that biological indicator, but it could change with the type of loading even when using the manufacturer settings. [ 26 ] One evidence of a loss of vacuum in our test is the uniformity of Bowie & Dick sheet after use. It represents an entrapped air (non-condensable gases) inside the chamber during a sterilization cycle.…”

Performance and Efficiency of an Autoclave Made from Local Materials in Winter and Summer in Iraq

“…There are three indicators that can be used to detect the efficiency of the autoclave, and they include (1) physical indicators, which are the recording of temperature and pressure by devices. ( 2) Chemical indicators are used, and color change must be detected in the chemical indicator holder that has been sterilized after exposure to high temperatures 121 °C [9]. (3) Biological indicators are considered the most reliable monitor of sterilization effectiveness and are based on microorganisms, (e.g., Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus subtilis, or Geobacillus stearothermophilus) spores that are killed at the standard autoclave temperature (121 °C) because these microorganisms are more resistant to high humidity and high temperatures than other pathogenic microorganisms [10] [11].…”

Investigation of Outdoor/Indoor Air Quality During the Outbreak of COVID-19: A Review Study

“…), particular factors (e.g., complex interaction between air quality, climatic conditions, and biological specifications of viral infection), and wellbeing level of individuals (lifestyle, immune system, age, gender, etc.) (Ahmadi and Fadaei 2021;Coccia, 2020). There is an inextricable connection between meteorological variables and air pollutants (Hou and Xu, 2022).…”