Efficiency and limitation of vertical electrical sounding in evaluation of groundwater potential in fractured shale terrain: a case study of Abakaliki Area Lower Benue Trough Nigeria

Akpa, Chibuike; Chukwu, Ani Chidiebere; Kelechi, Oji Kingsley

doi:10.1007/s10661-022-10700-w

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The IPI2win divides the VES field curves into different segments by adopting a curve fitting technique to signify changing resistivity shift vs. depth [72]. The differential resistivity is attributed to lithology assigning different resistivity values based on porosity, permeability, water chemistry, depth, and thickness of subsurface geological units [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. A total of 23 GELS has been drawn showing different horizons to indicate aquifer potential having maximum probability of groundwater.…”

Section: Geoelectrical Litho Section (Gels)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured resistivity not only gives the presence of an aquifer but also gives information about groundwater quality [24][25][26]. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) using the principle of resistivity gives reliable results about the groundwater, contamination, and lithological conditions based on resistivity contrast [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The progression of technology has led to the extensive acknowledgment of geoelectrical methods for groundwater detection, offering time, cost, and labor savings, along with improved drilling precision [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Potential Potable Water Reserves in Islamabad, Pakistan Using Vertical Electrical Sounding Technique

Rashid,

Kamran,

Zeb

et al. 2023

Hydrology

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This study aimed to investigate the potential reserves of potable water in Islamabad, Pakistan, considering the alarming depletion of water resources. A detailed vertical electrical sounding (VES) survey was conducted in two main localities: Bara Kahu (Area 1) and Aabpara to G-13 (Area 2), based on accessibility, time, and budget constraints. A total of 23 VES measurements were performed, with 13 in Area 1 and 10 in Area 2, reaching a maximum depth of 500 m. Geologs and pseudosections were generated to assess lithological variations, aquifer conditions, and resistivity trends with depth. Statistical distribution of resistivity (SDR), hydraulic parameters, true resistivity, macroanisotropy, aquifer depth and thickness, and linear regression (R2) curves were calculated for both areas, providing insights into the aquifer conditions. The results revealed that the study areas predominantly consisted of sandy lithology as the aquifer horizon, encompassing sandstone, sandy clay, and clayey sand formations. Area 2 exhibited a higher presence of clayey horizons, and aquifers were generally deeper compared to Area 1. The aquifer thickness ranged from 10 m to 200 m, with shallow depths ranging from 10 m to 60 m and deeper aquifers exceeding 200 m. Aquifers in Area 1 were mostly semi-confined, while those in Area 2 were predominantly unconfined and susceptible to recharge and potential contamination. The northwest–southeast side of Area 1 exhibited the highest probability for ground resource estimation, while in Area 2, the northeast–southwest side displayed a dominant probability. The study identified a probable shear zone in Area 2, indicating lithological differences between the northeast and southwest sides with a reverse sequence. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the shallow aquifers in Area 1 be considered the best potential reservoir for water supply. In contrast, deeper drilling is advised in Area 2 to ensure a long-lasting, high-quality water supply. These results provide valuable information for water resource management and facilitate sustainable water supply planning and decision making in Islamabad, Pakistan.

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