Efficiencies and outcomes of depression treatment by a psychiatric pharmacist in a primary care clinic compared with treatment within a behavioral health clinic

Silvia, Richard J.; Plum, Michelle; Dufresne, Robert L.

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2020.05.015

Cited by 12 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These responsibilities may include providing medication information and recommendations to providers, [6][7][8] educating patients about psychotropic medications, 7,9 or providing direct patient care through office or telephone visits. 7,8,10,11 Outpatient psychiatric pharmacist services have made a significant impact on patient care. These services have resulted in increased rates of medication adherence, enhanced patient satisfaction, and improved clinical outcomes (including greater efficacy and fewer side effects).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These services have resulted in increased rates of medication adherence, enhanced patient satisfaction, and improved clinical outcomes (including greater efficacy and fewer side effects). 11,12 Inpatient psychiatric pharmacist services have improved the appropriate, evidence-based use of medications to vulnerable patient populations, including children, the elderly, and those living with an intellectual disability; reduced rehospitalizations; provided cost savings; and demonstrated the ability to safely prescribe medications. 11,12 However, these clinical services may be inconsistently provided nationwide due to variability in state pharmacy practice regulations, the inability to bill for pharmacy services, pharmacy informatics infrastructure, and the nature of pharmacist-prescriber relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 Inpatient psychiatric pharmacist services have improved the appropriate, evidence-based use of medications to vulnerable patient populations, including children, the elderly, and those living with an intellectual disability; reduced rehospitalizations; provided cost savings; and demonstrated the ability to safely prescribe medications. 11,12 However, these clinical services may be inconsistently provided nationwide due to variability in state pharmacy practice regulations, the inability to bill for pharmacy services, pharmacy informatics infrastructure, and the nature of pharmacist-prescriber relationships. 12,13 Pharmacists' impact, although embedded in clinical services, has been documented only on a small scale at certain practices 7-11 and may not necessarily reflect nationwide practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the current practice of psychiatric pharmacists in the United States

Silvia

Lee

Bostwick

et al. 2020

Mental Health Clinician

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Introduction A comprehensive review of psychiatric pharmacy practice has never been performed in the United States. As psychiatric pharmacists become more involved in mental illness treatment, determining the current state of practice is important to help advance the specialty. The Professional Affairs Committee of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists (CPNP) was charged with performing this review to define current psychiatric pharmacy practice. Methods An electronic survey was sent to all pharmacist members of CPNP and all nonmember Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists (BCPPs) in the United States in late summer 2019. The survey consisted of 36 questions across multiple domains to obtain information about respondents' education and training background, practice setting and type, and information about prescriptive authority and other areas. An initial e-mail invitation was sent along with 2 reminder e-mails over the subsequent 2 weeks. Results A total of 334 of 1015 pharmacists completed the survey (32.9%). Responders completed a postgraduate residency 77.8% of the time, and 88.3% were BCPP. Practice settings were split evenly between inpatient and outpatient practices or a combination of the 2. Among respondents, 46.5% reported having prescriptive authority as part of their practice, and 41.3% reported treating nonpsychiatric as well as psychiatric illnesses. Prescriptive authority was more likely in outpatient practices and in those treating nonpsychiatric illnesses. Discussion The current practice of psychiatric pharmacy is incredibly varied in terms of practice setting, activities performed, and services provided. Further exploration is needed to help determine the optimal role of psychiatric pharmacists.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the current practice of psychiatric pharmacists in the United States

Silvia

Lee

Bostwick

et al. 2020

Mental Health Clinician

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] Two manuscripts showed how pharmacists improved clinical outcomes for individuals with mental illnesses. 14,15 The final key theme focuses on the factors associated with medication management processes and outcomes for individuals with mental illness. Articles in this theme demonstrated how pharmacist-led interventions can improve psychotropic…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Articles in this area described ways of involving pharmacists in mental health care of those patients seen in primary care settings ranging from expanded pharmacist roles to improve access to pharmacist-led clinics to incorporating psychiatric pharmacy specialists into mental health care delivery. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 Two manuscripts showed how pharmacists improved clinical outcomes for individuals with mental illnesses. 14 , 15 …”

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confidence: 99%

Filling a global gap in access to critical mental health services: Engaging pharmacists to enhance the care of individuals with mental health needs and illnesses

Rickles

2020

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association

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Pharmacist care in Federally Qualified Health Centers: A narrative review

Rodis

Irwin

Valentino

et al. 2022

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are critical to providing care to underserved populations in the United States. Their focus on interprofessional care has also made FQHCs ideal locations to integrate pharmacists into care teams and advance pharmacy practice. However, despite long-standing involvement by pharmacists, there have been limited attempts to synthesize this literature. We conducted a comprehensive search for published literature on the roles of pharmacists in FQHCs and narrowed our search to 54 manuscripts and abstracts for inclusion in this narrative review. We found that pharmacists in FQHCs are providing care that is interprofessional, multifaceted, and evolving rapidly in response to environmental changes.Pharmacists are routinely involved in the traditional management of chronic disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, behavioral health, and respiratory conditions. In addition, pharmacists have forged roles in preventive care, infectious disease, and pain management. Models include appointment-based approaches; however, there was also heterogeneity in approaches consistent with the dynamic nature of the healthcare system in the United States with engagement in population health, transitions of care, and telehealth, as a few examples. Collaborative practice agreements were used to deliver care in some cases, although this was not commonplace, and reimbursement by third party payers was rarely addressed. Relationships with community pharmacies, often driven by the 340B Drug Pricing Program, were also noted.Recommendations for future research in this area include increasing the rigor of future research by standardizing pharmacy interventions and including comparator groups, a greater focus on financial sustainability, and further exploration of how state laws surrounding pharmacist provider status and scope of practice impact pharmacy service development.

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Efficiencies and outcomes of depression treatment by a psychiatric pharmacist in a primary care clinic compared with treatment within a behavioral health clinic

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of the current practice of psychiatric pharmacists in the United States

Assessment of the current practice of psychiatric pharmacists in the United States

Filling a global gap in access to critical mental health services: Engaging pharmacists to enhance the care of individuals with mental health needs and illnesses

Pharmacist care in Federally Qualified Health Centers: A narrative review

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