Efficacy of Yoga on pregnancy outcome, J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Apr;11(2):237-44

Abstract

Pregnancy is a unique and challenging state, both physically and mentally. This requires mental, physical and social adaptation. Pregnancy related complications like pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclampsia, physiological and psychological stress, impaired placentation directly affect the fetal growth and also health of the neonate. It is already shown by animal experimentation that pregnancy outcomes are directly affected by prenatal maternal stress and it results in early programming of various organ systems that permanently changes neuroendocrine regulation and behavior in offspring. Various life events, illness, divorce, financial and social problems are some of the common stressor during pregnancy that activates hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex system (HPA axis) and sympathetic nervous system-adrenal medulla system (stress regulation system). Physical alteration, hormonal changes and anxiety are common during pregnancy period and these worsen the stress response. Already various attempts have been made to reduce pregnancy related stress. A study demonstrated that Yoga can be an effective therapy in reducing the pregnancy related complications and improving fetal outcomes. Satyapriya et al.showed that Yoga reduces anxiety, depression and pregnancy related uncomfortable experiences . Meditations inhibit the HPA axis that is activated during stress and calms the mind. Yoga is used to promote positive health and it uses holistic approach to reduce the stress. Integrated approach of Yoga therapy (IAYT) helps in reducing stress by practicing different postures (asanas), slow controlled breathing (Pranayama), Meditation and Chanting. This study tests the effect of IAYT on pregnancy related complications, stress and pregnancy outcome.