Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on child and adolescent overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Gou, Hao; Wang, Ya; Liu, Yan; Cai, Peng; He, Weiji; Sun, Xiangjuan

doi:10.1007/s00431-022-04673-8

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our network meta-analysis does find that EHDS (> 4000 IU/day) significantly decreases HOMA-IR, suggesting an improvement in insulin resistance. In addition, a previous meta-analysis [ 14 ] also suggests that vitamin D supplementation, especially extremely high doses of more than 4000 IU/day, benefits improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current network meta-analysis found that EHDS (> 4000 IU/day) significantly decreased the concentration of serum CRP and ranked better than LDS (< 1000 IU/day) and MDS (1000–2000 IU/day). The previous meta-analysis [ 14 ] consistently suggested that supplementing vitamin D with a dose of greater than 4000 IU/day could reduce CRP. Research on vitamin D supplementation in adults with overweight/obesity has shown a reduction in bioavailability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, numerous studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular illnesses in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity [ 11 – 13 ]. Further evidence of the effect of vitamin D supplementation in reducing insulin resistance and enhancing cardio-metabolism in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity comes from a recent pair-wise meta-analysis [ 14 ]. In addition, many studies have also demonstrated the safety profile of vitamin D supplementation in different populations, even at high-dose daily vitamin D supplementation [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal vitamin D supplement dosage for improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Zhu,

Li,

Zhong

et al. 2023

Eur J Nutr

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Purpose We conducted a network meta-analysis which aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different supplementation dosages of vitamin D on cardiometabolic and bone-metabolic indicators as well as insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods Eligible studies published before December 10, 2022 were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to express pooled estimates. Network meta-analysis of multiple doses, including low (< 1000 IU/day, LDS), medium (1000–2000 IU/day, MDS), high (2000–4000 IU/day, HDS), and extremely high (> 4000 IU/day, EHDS) dosage strategy, was conducted using STATA/MP 14.0. Results Our network meta-analysis of 15 RCTs suggested that, compared with placebo and LDS, EHDS was increased 25-(OH)-D, with a pooled MD of 8.65 (95% CI 4.72–12.58) and 7.66 (95% CI 0.91–14.41), respectively. Meanwhile, EHDS also decreased ho meostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: − 0.74; 95% CI: − 1.45 to − 0.04) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD: − 18.99; 95% CI − 21.60 to − 16.38), and EHDS was also better than LDS (MD: − 18.47; 95% CI − 20.66 to − 16.28) and MDS (MD: − 19.69; 95% CI − 22.17 to − 17.21) in decreasing CRP. Ranking probability suggested that EHDS ranked best for increasing 25-(OH)-D, and decreasing HOMA-IR and CRP, with a probability of 86.1%, 83.1%, and 76.6%, respectively. Conclusions The results of our network meta-analysis suggest that EHDS may be the best strategy for vitamin D supplementation to reduce inflammatory responses as well as improve insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023387775.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal vitamin D supplement dosage for improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Zhu,

Li,

Zhong

et al. 2023

Eur J Nutr

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“…The available evidence on the benefit of vitamin D supplementation in preventing T2D in adolescents with insulin resistance is contradictory [ 14 , 15 ]. A meta-analysis of vitamin D randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in obese adolescents has shown an improvement in HOMA-IR, a marker of insulin resistance [ 16 ]. A recent study from Iran demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of population-wide supplementation with 50,000 units of vitamin D monthly in youth to prevent T2D in adulthood [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Barrera

Manousaki

2023

Nutrients

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Observational studies have linked vitamin D insufficiency to pediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence from vitamin D supplementation trials is sparse. Given the rising prevalence of pediatric T2D in all ethnicities, determining the protective role of vitamin D has significant public health importance. We tested whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels are causally linked to youth-onset T2D risk using Mendelian randomization (MR). We selected 54 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 25OHD in a European genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 443,734 individuals and obtained their effects on pediatric T2D from the multi-ethnic PRODIGY GWAS (3006 cases/6061 controls). We applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR and a series of MR methods to control for pleiotropy. We undertook sensitivity analyses in ethnic sub-cohorts of PRODIGY, using SNPs in core vitamin D genes or ancestry-informed 25OHD SNPs. Multivariable MR accounted for the mediating effects of body mass index. We found that a standard deviation increase in 25OHD in the logarithmic scale did not affect youth-onset T2D risk (IVW MR odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96–1.13, p = 0.35) in the multi-ethnic analysis, and sensitivity, ancestry-specific and multivariable MR analyses showed consistent results. Our study had limited power to detect small/moderate effects of 25OHD (OR of pediatric T2D < 1.39 to 2.1). In conclusion, 25OHD levels are unlikely to have significant effects on the risk of youth-onset T2D across different ethnicities.

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“…Various studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation can reverse the progress of prediabetes, a condition present in up to 20% of adolescents, to overt type 2 diabetes [10,11].While many large randomized controlled trials have investigated a potential effect of vitamin D in adult T2D [12], mostly with negative results, the evidence on the benefit of vitamin D supplementation to prevent T2D in adolescents with insulin resistance is contradictory [13,14]. A meta-analysis of vitamin D randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in obese adolescents has shown an improvement of HOMA-IR, a marker of insulin resistance [15]. A recent study from Iran demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of population-wide vitamin D supplementation in youth to prevent T2D in adulthood [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Barrera¹,

Manousaki²

2023

Preprint

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Observational studies have linked vitamin D insufficiency to pediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D) , but evidence from vitamin D supplementation trials is sparse. Given the rising prevalence of pediatric T2D in all ethnicities, determining a protective role of vitamin D has significant public health importance. We tested whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels are causally linked to youth-onset T2D risk using Mendelian randomization (MR). We selected 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 25OHD in a European genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 443,734 individuals and obtained their effects on pediatric T2D from the multi-ethnic PRODIGY GWAS (3,006 cases/6,061 controls). We applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR, and a series of MR methods to control for pleiotropy. We undertook sensitivity analyses in ethnic sub-cohorts of PRODIGY, and using SNPs in core vitamin D genes or ancestry-informed 25OHD SNPs. Multivariable MR accounted for mediating effects of body mass index. We found that a standard deviation increase in 25OHD in the logarithmic scale did not affect youth-onset T2D risk (IVW MR odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95% CI=0.96-1.13, P=0.35) in the multi-ethnic analysis, and sensitivity, ancestry-specific and multivariable MR analyses showed consistent results. Our study had limited power to detect small/moderate effects of 25OHD (OR of pediatric T2D < 1.39 to 2.1). In conclusion, 25OHD levels are unlikely to have large effects on risk of youth-onset T2D across different ethnicities.

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Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on child and adolescent overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Optimal vitamin D supplement dosage for improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Optimal vitamin D supplement dosage for improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study

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