Efficacy of various Marek’s disease vaccines protocols for prevention of Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression

Faiz, Nik M.; Cortes, Aneg L.; Guy, James S.; Fogle, Jonathan E.; Gimeno, Isabel M.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.061

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Nonetheless, it is remarkable that groups that already had high levels of tumours (617A = 48%, Md5 in the second experiment = 58%) failed to induce late-MDV-IS. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that controlling MDV-induced tumours is not enough to protect against late-MDV-IS (Faiz et al, 2016b). The results of this study suggest that the development of tumours does not need to be related to late-MDV-IS either.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…MDV is a potent immunosuppressor in chickens. In previous work, we have demonstrated that late-MDV-IS can occur in vaccinated chickens that are properly protected against MDV-induced tumours and in the absence of lymphoid organ atrophy (Faiz et al, 2016a(Faiz et al, , 2016b. Late-MDV-IS affects cellmediated immune responses as well as humoral immune responses (Faiz et al, 2016a(Faiz et al, , 2016b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The development of early-MDV-IS is influenced by MDV pathotype as vv and vv+MDV tend to induce more lymphoid organ atrophy than vMDV (Calnek et al, 1998;Witter et al, 2005). Late-MDV-IS, however, can occur in commercial chickens bearing MAb against MDV and even in chickens vaccinated against MD and properly protected against tumours (Faiz et al, 2016a(Faiz et al, , 2016b. Unlike early-MDV-IS, late-MDV-IS does not occur due to the destruction of B and T cells (Faiz et al, 2016a), but the mechanisms involved and the factors influencing it are poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of factors influencing the development of late Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression: virus pathotype and host sex

et al. 2017

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Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a herpesvirus that induces lymphoma and immunosuppression in chickens. MDV-induced immunosuppression (MDV-IS) is complex and can be divided into two phases: early-MDV-IS associated with cytolytic infection in the lymphoid organs in chickens lacking maternal antibodies against MDV (MAbs) and late-MDV-IS that appears later in the pathogenesis and occurs even in chickens bearing MAbs. We have recently developed a model to reproduce late-MDV-IS under laboratory conditions. This model evaluates late-MDV-IS indirectly by assessing the effect of MDV infection on the efficacy of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccines against challenge with ILT virus. In the present study, we have used this model to investigate the role of two factors (MDV pathotype and host sex) on the development of late-MDV-IS. Five MDV strains representing three different pathotypes: virulent (vMDV; 617A, GA), very virulent (vvMDV; Md5), and very virulent plus (vv+MDV; 648A, 686), were evaluated. Only vv+ strains were able to induce late-MDV-IS. An immunosuppression rank (IS-rank) was established based on the ability of MDV to reduce the efficacy of chicken embryo origin vaccine (values go from 0 to 100, with 100 being the highest immunosuppressive ability). The IS-rank of the evaluated MDV strains ranged from 5.97 (GA) to 20.8 (617A) in the vMDV strains, 5.97 to 16.24 in the vvMDV strain Md5, and 39.08 to 68.2 in the vv+ strains 648A and 686. In this study both male and female chickens were equally susceptible to MDV-IS by vv+MDV 686. Our findings suggest that late-MDV-IS is a unique feature of vv+ strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of factors influencing the development of late Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression: virus pathotype and host sex

et al. 2017

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“…Although vaccines have been used to control MD since the late 1960s, the molecular mechanism of vaccine-induced protection is not well known. Vaccination prevents MDV-induced tumor formation, but not infection and transmission [ 48 , 49 ]. The continuous evolution of MDV, however, has been a major concern for the poultry industry in that the existing vaccines might not be effective enough to control the newly evolved and highly pathogenic strains of MDV [ 32 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of T Cells in Vaccine-Mediated Immunity against Marek’s Disease

Heidari

Zhang

Sunkara

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Marek’s disease virus (MDV), a highly cell-associated oncogenic α-herpesvirus, is the etiological agent of T cell lymphomas and neuropathic disease in chickens known as Marek’s disease (MD). Clinical signs of MD include neurological disorders, immunosuppression, and lymphoproliferative lymphomas in viscera, peripheral nerves, and skin. Although vaccination has greatly reduced the economic losses from MD, the molecular mechanism of vaccine-induced protection is largely unknown. To shed light on the possible role of T cells in immunity induced by vaccination, we vaccinated birds after the depletion of circulating T cells through the IP/IV injection of anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies, and challenged them post-vaccination after the recovery of T cell populations post-treatment. There were no clinical signs or tumor development in vaccinated/challenged birds with depleted CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. The vaccinated birds with a combined depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, however, were severely emaciated, with atrophied spleens and bursas. These birds were also tumor-free at termination, with no virus particles detected in the collected tissues. Our data indicated that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes did not play a critical role in vaccine-mediated protection against MDV-induced tumor development.

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“…A serotype 2 recombinant using SB-1 strain expressing IBDV VP2 was able to protect against challenge with IBDV, with hope that inserts of other diseases could be expressed from the same loci [191]. A vaccine using serotype 1 vvMDV strain Md5 with the meq oncogene deleted protects against both tumors and late immunosuppression induced by vv+MDV [48,118,192,193]. Furthermore, it has been used to develop vector vaccines by inserting the glycoprotein B of the ILTV [194].…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Factors That Influence Dose Variability of Marek's Disease Vaccines

et al. 2019

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for the wealth of knowledge, friendship, and for the patience and kindness shown to me since the very beginning. To my wonderful committee, Drs. Oscar Fletcher, James Guy, and Hsiao-Ching Liu, for helping me improve and shaping me into a better scientist. Many thanks to all of the students I have shared my time with at the laboratory, especially Dr. Allison Boone and Arithat Limsatanun, with whom it has been a pleasure to work. Thanks to Dr. Tobias Käser and Amanda Amaral for their help with the microscope camera. I would like to thank my friends for believing in me, especially Rocio, Esther, Giselle, Michelle, Jasmine, Jaylin and Javi. Every one of our conversations is threaded into this accomplishment, making it yours. Thanks also to my work family, first for their understanding, but most importantly for the comradery and countless laughs that served as motivation during these years. Most importantly, thanks to my family, for always being there and for showering me with unconditional love. v TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES .

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Efficacy of various Marek’s disease vaccines protocols for prevention of Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Evaluation of factors influencing the development of late Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression: virus pathotype and host sex

Evaluation of factors influencing the development of late Marek’s disease virus-induced immunosuppression: virus pathotype and host sex

Role of T Cells in Vaccine-Mediated Immunity against Marek’s Disease

Evaluation of Factors That Influence Dose Variability of Marek's Disease Vaccines

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