EFFICACY OF VARIOUS BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER VAR. KURSTAKI FORMULATIONS AND DOSAGES IN THE FIELD AGAINST THE HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (GUEN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE), IN NEWFOUNDLAND

West, R.J.; Raske, A. G.; Retnakaran, Arthur; Lim, K. P.

doi:10.4039/ent119449-5

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A 15-s spray interval was used in all four trials, because this resultd in droplet densities that did not exceed 10 drops per needle with diameter of 27-106 pm (X = 75 pm) after impaction on foliage. These droplets are within the size and density ranges reported for forestry applications (West et al 1987).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 79%

TOXIC EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL FORMULATION OF FENOXYCARB AGAINST ADULT AND EGG STAGES OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Gordon

1995

Can Entomol

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Greenhouse trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of treating adult and egg stages of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), with Insegar, a water-based commercial formulation of the juvenile hormone analog fenoxycarb, or with water (controls) at droplet sizes and densities comparable to what would be achieved through aerial spraying of field populations. When adult moths were sprayed with the juvenoid at dosages equivalent to 15.5, 155.4, and 310.8 g AI/ha, approximately 90% of the eggs that were subsequently oviposited failed to hatch. The efficacy of the compound (60% suppression of egg hatch) was not as high when the egg stages were sprayed directly at 15.5 and 155.4 g AI/ha. Insegar did not affect the egg productivity of the moths.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 79%

TOXIC EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL FORMULATION OF FENOXYCARB AGAINST ADULT AND EGG STAGES OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Gordon

1995

Can Entomol

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“…Undiluted application of high-potency products was also successful in experimental programs against eastern hemlock looper in Newfoundland (West et al 1987(West et al , 1989 and operational use increased from 2-6 % in 1985-1987 to 34 % in 1988. Foliage protection was generally equivalent to that of fenitrothion (Table 6).…”

Section: Operational Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Current Status of Bacillus thuringiensis for Control of Defoliating Forest Insects

Frankenhuyzen¹

1990

The Forestry Chronicle

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RCsumCBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a naturally occurring bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (B. t.) est une bactkrie naturelle, aujourthat is now widely used for control of spruce budworm and d'hui largement utilisCe contre la tordeuse des bourgeons de several other defoliating forest insects in Canada. It took more 1'Cpinette et plusieurs autres dCfoliateurs des forCts du Canada. than 25 years of research and development to bring Bt from first Depuis son premier emploi expCrimental, au dCbut des annCes experimental use in the early 1960s into full operational use in 60, jusqu'a son utilisation en grand, dans le milieu des anntes the mid 1980s. Critical to this process was the adoption of HD-1 80, il s'est pass6 plus de 25 annCes de recherche-dCveloppement. for commercial use, the standardization of formulations based Une Ctape critique de cette Cvolution a Ct C l'adoption du HD-1 on international units, and the development of higher potency pour emploi industriel, la normalisation des prCparations grice products. An increase in product potency from 4 BIUIL in the B l'emploi des unitCs internationales ainsi que la mise au point early 1970s to 16.9 BIUIL in the mid 1980s, concomittant with de produits plus puissants. Ainsi, l'accroissement de la puisimprovements in formulation and application technology, sance, de 4 unitCs biologiques internationales au litre (UBIIL), reduced treatment costs while at the same time improving reliaau dCbut des annCes 70, B 16,9, au milieu des annCes 80, en bility of efficacy. A shift in political climate pushed Bt into operam&me temps que les amCliorations des techniques de prCparational use by 1985. Since then, Bt has been used in more than tion et d'application, ont permis de rtduire les coOts du traitehalf of all spruce budworm control programs. The use of highment tout en amCliorant la fiabilitC de l'efficacitk. Un nouveau potency formulations (12.7 to 16.9 BIUIL) applied undiluted climat politique a favoris6 l'emploi en grand de B.t. dks 1985. at 30 BIU in 2.4 Llha or less has significantly reduced but not Depuis, B.t. a servi dans plus de la moitiC de tous les eliminated initial constraints of high treatment costs and inconprogrammes antitordeuse. Le recours B des prkparations trks sistent efficacy. Current research is focussed on further reducing puissantes (de 12,7 B 16,9 UBIIL) appliquCes sans dilution B these constraints. In the short term, registration of formulations raison de 2,4 Llha a permis de rCduire considCrablement, sans containing 25 BIUIL or more is expected to permit application les Climiner complktement, les contraintes initiales posies par of reduced dosages in less than 1 Llha and to clear the way for les coDts ClevCs du traitement et I'efficacitC inconsta~te. La adoption of a split application scheme to increase reliability of recherche actuelle se propose de rMuire ces contraintes. A court efficacy. Selection and commercialization of more effective terme, I'homologation des prkparations renfermant 25 UBIIL strains and the enhancement of natural s...

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“…(Raske et al 1986; Raske and Retnakaran 1987;West et al 1987). During this outbreak, trials were cor~ducted to identify alternatives to fenitrothion for effective control using aminocarb, diflubenzuron, and aqueous formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFICACY OF OIL-BASED FORMULATIONS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER VAR. KURSTAKI AGAINST THE HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (GUEN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

West¹,

Raske²,

Sundaram³

1989

Can Entomol

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Can. Enr. 121: 55-63 (1989) Oil-based formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki, Dipel 132, Dipel 176, and Dipel 264, were aerially applied at rates of 1.18-2.36 Wha over five 30-ha plots in a balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., forest in efficacy tests against the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdim Jiscellaria Jiscellaria (Guen.), in Newfoundland. Double applications of 30 Billion International Units (BIU) per hectare of each formulation and single applications of 40 BIU per hectare of Dipel 176 and Dipel 264 were tested. Larval population reductions of more than 95% and no defoliation of old or new foliage were observed in the plots receiving double applications and in the plot treated with a single application of Dipel 264. Larval numbers were reduced by 85% and defoliation was 4% in the plot treated once with Dipel 176.These treatments were applied against low to moderate larval populations, and their success was attributed to excellent spray coverage and early application when 50% or more of the larvae were still in their first instar. RksumkDes essais d'arrosages aCriens de formulations i l'huile de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki, les Dipel 132, 176 et 264, g des debits variant de 1,1&2,36 Llha ont Ct C effectuCs sur cinq placettes de 30 ha dans une for& de sapins baumiers, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., 2 Terre-Neuve, pour contr6ler I'efficacie de ces formulations contre l'arpenteuse de la pruche, Lambdimfiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.). On a CtudiC des applications doubles B la dose de 30 milliards d'unitCs internationales (MUI) par hectare pour toutes les prkparations et des applications simples 2 1 la dose de 40 MU1 par hectare pour le Dipel 176 et le Dipel 264. Dans les parcelles ayant r e p des applications doubles et la parcelle trait& par une seule application de Dipel 264, on a obtenu des r6ductions des populations larvaires dkpassant 95% et aucune destruction du feuillage, vieux ou nouveau. Dans la parcelle trait6e en une seule fois au Dipel 176, la rkduction des larves a Ct C de 85%, et la defoliation, de 4%.Les populations larvaires variaient de faibles modkrks dans les parcelles trait&. Le succBs obtenu est attribuC ? i un excellent recouvrement des arrosages et une application hitive au moment oh 50% des larves ou plus Ctaient encore au premier stade. *Plots 1 and 3 were matched with control plot A; plot 2 with C; plot 4 with D, and plot 5 with B.?Less than 100 reared due to low numbers of loopers in the plot.

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EFFICACY OF VARIOUS BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER VAR. KURSTAKI FORMULATIONS AND DOSAGES IN THE FIELD AGAINST THE HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (GUEN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE), IN NEWFOUNDLAND

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

TOXIC EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL FORMULATION OF FENOXYCARB AGAINST ADULT AND EGG STAGES OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

TOXIC EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL FORMULATION OF FENOXYCARB AGAINST ADULT AND EGG STAGES OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Development and Current Status of Bacillus thuringiensis for Control of Defoliating Forest Insects

EFFICACY OF OIL-BASED FORMULATIONS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER VAR. KURSTAKI AGAINST THE HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (GUEN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

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