Efficacy of Tylosin and Tilmicosin Against Experimental Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Chickens

Garmyn, An; Vereecken, Monita; Gussem, K. De; Depondt, Wouter; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Martel, An

doi:10.1637/11991-110818-reg.1

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…An additional study using M. gallisepticum infection of broiler chickens treated with tilmicosin at 10 and 20 mg/kg in the drinking water for five successive days found that respiratory tract lesions with 20 mg/kg treatment were significantly fewer than at 10 mg/kg ( 28 ). Consequently, a dosing scheme of 20 mg/kg of tilmicosin for five successive days was a logical conclusion for the dosing strategy to treat clinical outbreaks of M. gallisepticum in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the target infection site in chickens

Zhang

Zhou²,

Yan³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Mycoplasma gallisepticum (M. gallisepticum) is a primary respiratory pathogen of poultry and causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry. There were no reported articles concerning the Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) interactions of tilmicosin against M. gallisepticum in vivo. In the current study, we established an in vivo M. gallisepticum infection model and tilmicosin was administered orally to the M. gallisepticum-infected chickens by different dosage regimens. The concentration of tilmicosin in lung tissue was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS), besides the counting of the viable colony of M. gallisepticum in lung tissue was also monitored dynamically to appraise the PK/PD interactions of tilmicosin against M. gallisepticum. We found that anti-mycoplasmal activity was concentration-dependent and mycoplasmacidal activity was observed at tilmicosin dosage >7.5 mg/kg. The PK/PD parameter of AUC/MIC (The area under the concentration–time curve divided by the minimal inhibitory concentration) correlated well with anti-mycoplasmal efficacy (R2 = 0.92). The ratios of AUC/MIC for 1 log10 and 3 log10 colony-forming units [CFU]/lung reductions were 300.02 and 6,950.15 h, respectively. These findings indicated that tilmicosin may be therapeutically effective in chickens to treat M. gallisepticum lung infections if administered at a dose of 9.12 mg/kg.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the target infection site in chickens

Zhang

Zhou²,

Yan³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The study found that this approach effectively reduced clinical symptoms and lowered the mortality rate. Garmyn et al (2019) and Kempf et al (1997) found that treating chickens infected with MG with doses ranging from 20-300 mg/L of tilmicosin for 5 days significantly reduces growth losses caused by MG infection and decreases the incidence of airsacculitis and peritonitis lesions. Ding H et al (2013) pointed out that administering a 5 mg/kg dose of marbofloxacin orally every 24 hours can successfully treat chickens infected with MG and Escherichia coli.…”

Section: Drug Prevention and Treatment Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma galliscepticum: An overview

Ruizhi,

Xi,

Huiqi

et al. 2024

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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The prokaryotic microorganism Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) belongs to the phylum Firmicutes, the order Mycoplasmatales, the family Mycoplasmataceae, and the genus Mycoplasma. MG parasitizes the respiratory tract of various poultry species, causing a range of symptoms from indistinct features to tracheitis and air sacculitis. Common signs include respiratory tract infection indicators such as coughing, asthma, a runny nose and rales. Both domestic and international reports underscore MG's transmission and infection capacity, signifying its global importance as a source of poultry infection. Further research is imperative to grasp its impact on both farmed and wild animals. This article comprehensively reviews current research progress on MG, encompassing its biological characteristics, infection traits, pathogenic mechanisms, epidemiology, detection methods, treatment, and control measures. It aims to serve as a reference for comprehensive prevention and control strategies against MG in the future.

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“…Multiple serotypes and complex typing make it difficult to prevent and control by vaccine (1). Tilmicosin is a macrolide synthesized from tylosin, which showed strong antibacterial activity against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, P. multocida, and Mycoplasma (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Pasteurella multocida in a piglet tissue cage model

Chen,

Ji,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Tilmicosin is a semi-synthetic macrolide for veterinary use with strong antibacterial effect on respiratory bacteria. In this study, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) integration of tilmicosin against Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was evaluated by establishing a piglet tissue cage infection model. Concentration of tilmicosin and bacterial numbers of P. multocida in the tissue-cage fluid were monitered. After the population of P. multocida was equal to or greater than 107 CFU/mL in a tissue cage, piglets received an oral administration of tilmicosin at a dose of 30, 40, 50, and 60 mg/kg b.w., once daily for 3 days, respectively. Bacteria were counted every 24 h after drug administration and at 48 and 72 h after the last administration. A sigmoidal Emax model was used to fit the relationship between PK/PD parameters and the antibacterial effect. AUC24h/MIC was the best PK/PD index that correlated with effectiveness of tilmicosin against P. multocida. The magnitude of AUC24h/MIC required for continuous 1/3-log, 1/2-log, and 3/4-log reductions were 19.65 h, 23.86 h, and 35.77 h, respectively, during each 24 h treatment period. In this study, when the dosage was >50 mg/kg, the AUC24h/MIC was still >35.77 h in the period of 24–48 h after the last administration due to the slow elimination, that is, tilmicosin exhibited a potent antibacterial effect against P. multocida after three successive daily administrations. The data provide meaningful guidance to optimize regimens of tilmicosin to treat respiratory tract infections caused by P. multocida.

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Efficacy of Tylosin and Tilmicosin Against Experimental Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Chickens

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the target infection site in chickens

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the target infection site in chickens

Mycoplasma galliscepticum: An overview

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of tilmicosin against Pasteurella multocida in a piglet tissue cage model

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