Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in Preventing Alveolar Osteitis in Post-extraction Sockets of First Premolars

Abstract

Objectives: The present study is a randomized trial for comparing the effectiveness of tranexamic acid as an antifibrinolytic agent in preventing alveolar osteitis in the post-extraction period in patients receiving orthodontic therapy that requires extraction. Methodology: This research was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, India. A total of 40 patients were considered subjects for the research. Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the therapeutic extractions of the first premolars were considered for this study. Randomization was done to split the population into study and control. After the atraumatic extraction of the first premolars under local anesthesia using 2% lignocaine with 1:80000 adrenaline, a tranexamic acid solution of 500 mg soaked gauze over the extraction sockets was used as the intervention in the study group, and plain gauze was used on the control group. Patients were asked to hold the gauze in place for one hour. Participants were reviewed after three days for the incidence of alveolar osteitis and pain severity and healing of the extraction sockets. Results: The prevalence of Alveolitis sicca dolorosa was found to be 5% in the research group and 15% in the control group. Patients in the control group showed more pain than the patients in the research group. The period taken for healing ranged from 7 days to 10 days in the control group and 10 days to 12 days in the study group. Conclusion: This study gives an edge that tranexamic acid can be used as a local hemostatic agent in preventing fibrinolysis of clots and preventing alveolar osteitis.

Major clinical outcomes of the alveolar ridge preservation post-extraction sockets: a systematic review

“…The main purpose of alveolar grafting is to preserve the alveolar ridge anatomy and optimize implant placement in an ideal three-dimensional position required for functional and aesthetic rehabilitation [1,2]. Within the synthetic materials used to fill the alveolus, the deproteined bovine bone (spongy, cortical, or the mixture of both) associated or not to the use of guided tissue regeneration technique seems to be the most common [3][4][5][6][7].…”

“…Initially designed to solve cases of total edentulism, according to a specific clinical protocol for fixed dental prosthesis, treatment with osseointegrated dental implants however, became a frequent procedure in replacing a single missing tooth and showed predictable results [1][2][3].…”

“…The preservation of the alveolar ridge performed immediately after tooth extraction can bring benefits such as reducing operating costs for both the patient and the dentist and the need for future surgical interventions. Preventing bone remodeling resulting in physiological resorption and the need for future interventions is certainly more effective, although there are many techniques for increasing the ridge [1,10].…”