Efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae in the control of infestation by stable flies Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), under natural infestation conditions

Efficacy of <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> in the control of the horn fly, <em>Haematobia irritans</em> (<em>Diptera: Muscidae</em>), under natural infestation conditions

“…21 In our study, an additive effect was also found. This phenomenon was observed both in cattle naturally infested with S. calcitrans 25 and in cattle infested with R. microplus ticks under field conditions. 34 The use of multiple applications of an Original Research entomopathogenic fungus provides better results.…”

“…Other authors reported similar findings in cattle infested with ticks or stable flies and treated with M. anisopliae formulations under field conditions. 25,33,34 The homogenous weather conditions in the study period and an ad- Original Research equate combination of humidity and temperature were ideal for the development and maintenance of the population curve of H. irritans. However, at the end of the study, the change in these environmental conditions, especially the low average daily temperature, favoured a decline in the infestation of flies.…”

“…24 The strain Ma134 was evaluated in Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans adults under in vitro conditions with good results 24 and high efficacy with S. calcitrans under field conditions. 25 The strain was cultured in the laboratory according to the protocol previously described by Cruz-Vázquez et al 25 The isolate was cultured on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar enriched with 1 % yeast extract 26 containing 500 ppm chloramphenicol and incubated at 25 ± 1 ºC for 21 days in a 12:12 hr light/dark regime. Conidia were harvested by scraping, suspended in sterile distilled water containing 0.1 % (v:v) Tween 80, and homogenized on a vortex mixer.…”

“…The number and interval of applications were similar to that used in a previous study with the stable fly. 25 The Committee on Use and Care of Animals of the Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes approved this project, and adequate veterinary care was provided to all of the animals under study.…”

Control de Haematobia irritans y Stomoxys calcitrans con Metarhizium anisopliae en ganado naturalmente infestado

“…El control biológico mediante el uso de hongos entomopatógenos representa una alternativa de control no químico con mínimo riesgo para el ambiente, los vertebrados y el ser humano (8); Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l) es un hongo entomopatógeno que ha demostrado su eficacia como agente de biocontrol en H. irritans y en S. calcitrans, tanto en estados inmaduros como en adultos bajo condiciones in vitro (9,10,11,12,13), de igual forma bajo condiciones de infestación natural y controlada (11,14,15,16).…”