Efficacy of swim-up versus density gradient centrifugation in improving sperm deformity rate and DNA fragmentation index in semen samples from teratozoospermic patients

Xue, Xia; Wang, Wanshan; Shi, Juanzi; Zhang, Silin; Zhao, Weichen; Shi, Wenhao; Guo, Bao-Zhu; Qin, Zhen

doi:10.1007/s10815-014-0287-z

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although Xue et al [35] indicated that sperms with DNA fragmentation were excluded by either swim-up or DGC alone, our data showed that swim-up was more effective in eliminating such sperms than DGC. Previous studies demonstrated that sperms with intact DNA were incubated for a longer period of time with cells that produced ROS in the process of swim-up than in DGC, resulting in a higher level of DNA damage to sperms in the samples processed by swim-up compared to DGC [25, 26].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Combination of density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods effectively decreases morphologically abnormal sperms

Yamanaka

Tomita

Hashimoto

et al. 2016

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Density gradient centrifugation (DGC) and swim-up techniques have been reported for semen preparation in assisted reproductive techniques in humans. We investigated whether semen preparation using a combination of DGC and swim-up techniques could effectively decrease morphologically abnormal human sperms at the ultrastructural level. Semen samples were obtained from 16 infertile males and fractionated by swim-up following DGC. Ultrastructural abnormalities of sperms obtained from original semen, lower layer of swim-up following DGC, and upper layer of swim-up following DGC were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The correlation among ultrastructural head abnormality in sperms from the upper layer of swim-up, fertilization in in vitro fertilization, and pregnancy after embryo transfer was also investigated. Furthermore, sperms with DNA fragmentation in the samples processed via a combination of DGC and swim-up was assessed in a sperm chromatin structure assay. Ultrastructural abnormalities in sperm heads and tails in the upper layer after swim-up following DGC was the lowest among the three groups. Sperms with nuclear vacuoles were the most difficult to eliminate using a combination of DGC and swim-up in all types of head abnormalities. A negative correlation was confirmed between the fertilization rates of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and head abnormality of sperms obtained from the upper layer of the swim-up following DGC. Sperms with DNA fragmentation were effectively decreased using the combination of two techniques. In conclusion, the combination of DGC and swim-up effectively decreased the number of sperms with ultrastructural abnormalities both in the head and in the tail. However, sperms with ultrastructural abnormalities that cannot be completely decreased using a combination of DGC and swim-up may impair fertilization in some cases of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Combination of density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods effectively decreases morphologically abnormal sperms

Yamanaka

Tomita

Hashimoto

et al. 2016

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…(2001) found a higher percentage of morphologically normal sperm after using discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. Xue et al (2014) compared swim-up and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation in patients with teratozoospermia, and their results suggested that enrichment with normal morphology spermatozoa with intact DNA could be achieved through swim-up or discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, when compared to unprocessed semen. Other authors have reported similar results (Ng et al ., 1992; Hammadeh et al ., 2001; Chiamchanya et al ., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two sperm processing techniques for low complexity assisted fertilization: sperm washing followed by swim-up and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation

Facio¹,

Previato²,

Machado-Paula³

et al. 2016

JBRA Assisted Reproduction

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess and compare sperm motility, concentration, and morphology recovery rates, before and after processing through sperm washing followed by swim-up or discontinuous density gradient centrifugation in normospermic individuals.MethodsFifty-eight semen samples were used in double intrauterine insemination procedures; 17 samples (group 1) were prepared with sperm washing followed by swim-up, and 41 (group 2) by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. This prospective non-randomized study assessed seminal parameters before and after semen processing. A dependent t-test was used for the same technique to analyze seminal parameters before and after semen processing; an independent t-test was used to compare the results before and after processing for both techniques.ResultsThe two techniques produced decreases in sample concentration (sperm washing followed by swim-up: P<0.000006; discontinuous density gradient centrifugation: P=0.008457) and increases in motility and normal morphology sperm rates after processing. The difference in sperm motility between the two techniques was not statistically significant. Sperm washing followed by swim-up had better morphology recovery rates than discontinuous density gradient centrifugation (P=0.0095); and the density gradient group had better concentration recovery rates than the swim-up group (P=0.0027).ConclusionThe two methods successfully recovered the minimum sperm values needed to perform intrauterine insemination. Sperm washing followed by swim-up is indicated for semen with high sperm concentration and better morphology recovery rates. Discontinuous density gradient centrifugation produced improved concentration recovery rates.

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“…Recently, new methods to isolate sperm with high DNA integrity using density-gradient centrifugation (DGC) [2829] and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) have been introduced [30]. DGC significantly reduced the sperm DFI in the semen of intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients [31] and in teratozoospermic patients [32]. MACS not only efficiently reduces the sperm DFI [33], but also effectively separates apoptotic from non-apoptotic spermatozoa [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient isolation of sperm with high DNA integrity and stable chromatin packaging by a combination of density-gradient centrifugation and magnetic-activated cell sorting

Chi¹,

Kwak²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

Clin Exp Reprod Med

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ObjectiveThis study was carried out to investigate the correlations of the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) with semen parameters and apoptosis, and to investigate the effects of density-gradient centrifugation (DGC) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) on reducing the proportion of sperm with DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency.MethodsSemen analysis and a sperm DNA fragmentation assay were performed to assess the correlations between semen parameters and the DFI in 458 semen samples. Sperm with progressive motility or non-apoptosis were isolated by DGC or MACS, respectively, in 29 normozoospermic semen samples. The effects of DGC or MACS alone and of DGC and MACS combined on reducing the amount of sperm in the sample with DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency were investigated.ResultsThe sperm DFI showed a significant correlation (r=–0.347, p<0.001) with sperm motility and morphology (r=–0.114, p<0.05) but not with other semen parameters. The DFI (11.5%±2.0%) of semen samples was significantly reduced by DGC (8.1%±4.1%) or MACS alone (7.4%±3.9%) (p<0.05). The DFI was significantly further reduced by a combination of DGC and MACS (4.1%±1.3%, p<0.05). Moreover, the combination of DGC and MACS (1.6%±1.1%, p<0.05) significantly reduced the protamine deficiency rate of semen samples compared to DGC (4.4%±3.2%) or MACS alone (3.4%±2.2%).ConclusionThe combination of DGC and MACS may be an effective method to isolate high-quality sperm with progressive motility, non-apoptosis, high DNA integrity, and low protamine deficiency in clinical use.

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Efficacy of swim-up versus density gradient centrifugation in improving sperm deformity rate and DNA fragmentation index in semen samples from teratozoospermic patients

Abstract: Our findings suggest that enrichment of sperm with normal morphology and intact DNA in teratozoospermic patients could be achieved by both DGC and swim-up procedures, and that DGC is a better method.

Cited by 75 publications

References 28 publications

Combination of density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods effectively decreases morphologically abnormal sperms

Combination of density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods effectively decreases morphologically abnormal sperms

Comparison of two sperm processing techniques for low complexity assisted fertilization: sperm washing followed by swim-up and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation

Efficient isolation of sperm with high DNA integrity and stable chromatin packaging by a combination of density-gradient centrifugation and magnetic-activated cell sorting

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