Efficacy of stem cells on the healing of peri‐implant defects: systematic review of preclinical studies

Abstract

This systematic review considers the evidence from animal studies evaluating the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the treatment of intraoral peri‐implant defects. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases were searched for quantitative preclinical controlled animal model studies that evaluated the effect of MSC on bone healing at intraoral peri‐implant bone defects. The primary outcome was the amount of (re‐)osseointegration reported as bone‐to‐implant contact in the defect area. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement guidelines. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Only one study induced peri‐implant inflammation to produce peri‐implant bone defects. In all others, defects were surgically created at implant installation. Differences in defect morphology were identified among the studies. Both xenogenous and autogenous MSC were used to treat peri‐implant defects. These included bone marrow‐derived MSC, periodontal ligament‐derived MSC, umbilical cord MSC, bone marrow‐derived mononuclear cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Meta‐analysis was not possible because of heterogeneities in study designs. Nonetheless, in most studies, local MSC implantation was not associated with adverse effects and had a positive effect on bone healing around peri‐implant defects. Combination of MSC with membranes and bioactive factors appears to provide improved treatment outcomes. In large animal models, intraoral use of MSC may provide beneficial effects on bone healing within peri‐implant defects. The various degrees of success of MSC in peri‐implant bone healing are likely to be related to the use of cells from various populations, tissues, and donor species. However, human safety and efficacy must be demonstrated before its clinical use can be considered.

New approach for vertical bone regeneration using in situ gelling and sustained BMP‐2 releasing poly(phosphazene) hydrogel system on peri‐implant site with critical defect in a canine model

“…Moreover, material fabrication is necessary for individual cases, which may be a significant limitation in the clinic. A strategy using stem cells for osteogenic differentiation was suggested by several researchers to regenerate sufficient bone in the peri‐implant site . However, it is very challenging and costly to localize stem cell to a desired site.…”

“…A strategy using stem cells for osteogenic differentiation was suggested by several researchers to regenerate sufficient bone in the peri-implant site. 19,20 However, it is very challenging and costly to localize stem cell to a desired site.…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Optimizing Bone Volume at the Dental Implant Recipient Site

“…Tissue-engineering therapy is a recent treatment modality in dental field to rehabilitate quantitative and qualitative properties of both soft and hard tissues with the use of cells with regenerative potential signaling molecules such as growth factors and a biocompatible matrix serving as a scaffold [44,45].…”

Caracterização do efeito imunomodulatório das células mesenquimais indiferenciadas na resposta inflamatória a Porphyromonas gingivalis

“…Da mesma forma, a regeneração do complexo periodontal e peri-implantar também tem sido investigado (Zhu e Liang, 2015;Misawa et al, 2016;Tassi et al, 2017). Embora o uso das MSCs derivadas da medula óssea na regeneração de defeitos periodontais produziu resultados conflitantes, uma série de estudos demonstrou que o uso de PDLSCs promove a regeneração do ligamento periodontal e do cemento radicular em defeitos periodontais (Tassi et al, 2017).…”

“…Embora o uso das MSCs derivadas da medula óssea na regeneração de defeitos periodontais produziu resultados conflitantes, uma série de estudos demonstrou que o uso de PDLSCs promove a regeneração do ligamento periodontal e do cemento radicular em defeitos periodontais (Tassi et al, 2017). Já em defeitos peri-implantares, a maioria dos estudos demonstrou que a aplicação local de MSCs promoveu um efeito positivo na neoformação óssea e osseointegração (Misawa et al, 2016).…”