Efficacy of some plants powder and extract in the management of Angoumois grain moth,Sitotroga cerealella(Olivier) [Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae] infesting stored wheat grains

Abstract

Powders and extracts prepared from part and products of four plants species indigenous to Nigeria were tested under laboratory condition at 28 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity for their insecticidal potential against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella. Adult S. cerealella were exposed to three concentrations at rate 0.5, 1 and 2 g of Capsicum frutescens, Cymbopogon citratus, Moringa oleifera and Anacardium occidentale powders and extracts at the rate of 1, 2 and 3%/ 20 g of wheat grains. Parameters evaluated were adult moth mortality, adult emergence and % hatchability in treated wheat grains after infestation. Results show that significant differences ( p < 0.05) existed among the powders and the concentrations. The powder of C. frutescens had the highest mortality rate of 100% after two days of application at all tested concentrations. There were no adult emergence of moth in samples treated with C. frutescens and A. occidentale powders. The extracts completely killed all the adult moths introduced at all tested concentrations. The survival of the moth from egg to adult when treated with the plant powders showed that there was significantly ( p < 0.05) more adult in the control (71.3) compared to others. Extracts of all the tested plants were toxic to adult moth and also prevent hatching of the eggs of S. cerealella.

Phytochemical screening and insecticidal activities of some medicinal plants against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…The percentage inhibition rate of the untreated control was 0%. This result is consistent with the result reported by Ileke 58 , in which no adult emergence was observed in wheat grains treated with C. frutescens and A. occidentale extracts at all tested concentrations, and adult emergence was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the control than in the treated wheat grains.…”

Chemical composition and toxicity of some Agro waste-derived insecticides against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga ceralella (Olivier) [Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae] infesting stored paddy grains

“…The death of insect larvae as results of agro waste toxicity that might have led to inability of larval to completely cast off their exoskeleton during moulting remained linked to the posterior part of their abdomen which can affect larval and pupa survival as well as growth disruption (Oigiangbe et al 2010;Ileke 2014). The agro waste powders and extracts had effect on post-embryonic survival of this insect which resulted in prevention of adult emergence at different concentrations.…”

“…One gravid female moth can completely devoid 50 g of paddy within the next three generations in storage, if control is neglected (Cogburn et al 1975, Hossien et al 2018. The moth larvae are the most destructive stage; they enter the grains and feed voraciously on the endosperm which can lead to loss of viability as a result of tunnels made within the paddy (Khattak et al 1996;Tripathi et al 2000;Ileke 2014;Mahmood 2018). The management of pre and post-harvest pests of crops has been the major concern of entomologists all over the world.…”

“…The management of pre and post-harvest pests of crops has been the major concern of entomologists all over the world. The use of synthetic chemical insecticides has been exploited for the management of rice moth in storage (Ashamo and Ogungbite 2014;Ileke 2014). The efficacy of different synthetic chemical insecticides to reduce the proliferation of S. cerealella in storage has been reported (Chandra et al 1978;Mahmood 2018).…”

Potentiality of botanical agents for the management of post harvest insects of maize: a review

“…at 1 % w/w discouraged egg laying and larval mortality of S. cerealella; potentiality of this plant extract is due to the presence of sesquiterpenes, lactones (Ambrosio et al 2008). In another recent work, Ileke (2014) reported that powders and extracts of Capsicum frutescens L., Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf., Moringa oleifera Lamm.…”