Efficacy of single dose of an inactivated porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) whole-virus vaccine with oil adjuvant in piglets

Abstract

BackgroundPost-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) associated with PCV2 is one of the most costly diseases currently faced by the swine industry. The development of effective vaccines against PCV2 infection has been accepted as an important strategy in the prophylaxis of PMWS.MethodsIn the present study, a PK-15 cell-adapted formalin-inactivated prototype vaccine candidate was prepared using a strain of PCV2 from China. Inactivation of the virus was accomplished using a standard formalin inactivation protocol. The protective properties of the inactivated PCV2 vaccine were evaluated in piglets. Ten 28-day-old pigs were randomly assigned to two groups, each with five. Group 1 was vaccinated intramuscularly with the inactivated virus preparation; Group 2 received sterile PBS as a placebo. By 28 days post-vaccination (DPV), Groups 1 and 2 were challenged intranasally and intramuscularly with 5 × 107 TCID50 of a virulent PCV2 isolate.ResultsThe vaccinated pigs seroconverted to PCV2 and had high levels of serum antibodies to PCV2 at 28 days after vaccination, whereas the control pigs remained seronegative. No significant signs of clinical disease were recorded following the challenge with PCV2, but moderate amounts of PCV2 antigen were detected in most lymphoid organs of the control pigs. PCV2 was detected in two out of the five vaccinated pigs. Furthermore, pathological lesions and viremia were milder in the vaccinated group.ConclusionsThe obtained results indicate that the inactivated PCV2 virus vaccine with an oil adjuvant induce an immunological response in pigs that appears to provide protection from infection with PCV2. The vaccine, therefore, may have the potential to serve as a vaccine aimed to protect pigs from developing PMWS.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is required for the early stages of porcine circovirus type 2 replication

“…The cycle conditions were 2 min at 50 1C, 10 min at 95 1C, and 40 cycles of 95 1C for 15 s and 60 1C for 1 min. For the standard curve, serial dilutions of a plasmid that was constructed by inserting the PCV2 gene (GI: 225322671) into the pMD™18-T vector (TAKARA) were used to quantify the virus genomic copy number (Yang et al, 2012).…”

Transcription analysis of the porcine alveolar macrophage response to porcine circovirus type 2

“…The second was mock-inoculated with DMEM to serve as a control. Virus uptake by the cells was determined by IFA using a PCV2 Cap protein-specific monoclonal antibody [66] and by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) [73]. Briefly, DNA was extracted from the cells using the E.Z.N.A.™ Viral DNA Kit (OMEGA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Epidemiological Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Spatio-temporally of Circulation in Vietnam from 2004 to 2019

“…Various PCV2 variants have been identified in Viet Nam, posing challenges for the development of an effective PCV2 vaccine. Inactivated vaccines, including those targeting the PCV2a and PCV2b genotypes, have shown promising results in improving pig weight and reducing mortality 63,64 . Recombinant vaccines, such as Suvaxyn PCV2® One doseTM, have been developed by integrating PCV2a ORF2 into PCV1 65 .…”