Efficacy of Semaglutide in Treating Obesity: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)

Anam, Mahvish; Maharjan, Shrinkhala; Amjad, Zainab; Abaza, Abdelrahman; Vasavada, Advait; Sadhu, Akhil; Valencia, Carla; Fatima, Hameeda; Nwankwo, Ijeoma

doi:10.7759/cureus.32610

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Subcutaneous Semaglutide, administered once a week, was first approved for permanent weight management in June 2021 in the United States. Recent studies indicate that Semaglutide is not only safe and effective in the treatment of obesity [85], but also reduces ischemic cerebrovascular events in type 2 diabetes [86]. Currently, in overweight or obese patients, the protective effect of Semaglutide in heart disease and stroke is being actively studied [87,88].…”

Section: Peptides That Mimic Natural Regulatory Peptides and Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Peptides and New Strategies for Ischemic Stroke Drug Discoveries

Dergunova

Filippenkov

Limborska

et al. 2023

Genes

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Ischemic stroke continues to be one of the leading causes of death and disability in the adult population worldwide. The currently used pharmacological methods for the treatment of ischemic stroke are not effective enough and require the search for new tools and approaches to identify therapeutic targets and potential neuroprotectors. Today, in the development of neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of stroke, special attention is paid to peptides. Namely, peptide action is aimed at blocking the cascade of pathological processes caused by a decrease in blood flow to the brain tissues. Different groups of peptides have therapeutic potential in ischemia. Among them are small interfering peptides that block protein–protein interactions, cationic arginine-rich peptides with a combination of various neuroprotective properties, shuttle peptides that ensure the permeability of neuroprotectors through the blood–brain barrier, and synthetic peptides that mimic natural regulatory peptides and hormones. In this review, we consider the latest achievements and trends in the development of new biologically active peptides, as well as the role of transcriptomic analysis in identifying the molecular mechanisms of action of potential drugs aimed at the treatment of ischemic stroke.

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Section: Peptides That Mimic Natural Regulatory Peptides and Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Peptides and New Strategies for Ischemic Stroke Drug Discoveries

Dergunova

Filippenkov

Limborska

et al. 2023

Genes

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“…Multiple studies have been conducted to assess the effects of semaglutide on weight loss. Some of these are summarized in Table 2 , highlighting the impact of semaglutide on body weight reduction, as noted from a review of clinical trials [ 38 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the STEP 1-5 trials, which evaluated semaglutide for obesity treatment, the incidence of thyroid cancer was 0.2% in the semaglutide group and 0.1% in the control group. In the sustained trials, which studied semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the incidence of thyroid cancer was 0.2% in the semaglutide group and 0.3% in the control group [ 34 - 38 ]. Although a potential association between semaglutide and thyroid cancer has been observed, it is important to consider the overall low incidence and the need for further research to fully understand the relationship.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Best for Weight Loss? A Comparative Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery Versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue

Klair,

Patel,

Saxena

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Obesity is a global health concern, necessitating effective weight-loss interventions. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of semaglutide, a pharmacotherapeutic option, with bariatric surgery, a commonly utilized surgical intervention, for weight reduction. A systematic review of clinical trials, including the STEP (Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People) trials, sustain trials, pioneer trials, and the STAMPEDE (Surgical Treatment and Medications Potentially Eradicate Diabetes Efficiently) trial, was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of these interventions. The analysis of the clinical trials revealed that semaglutide demonstrated significant weight reduction in participants. However, adverse effects such as gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, increased pulse rate, and rare cases of thyroid cancer were observed. Long-term effects showed partial weight regain and a return of certain cardiometabolic variables to baseline levels after semaglutide withdrawal. Comparatively, bariatric surgery, as demonstrated in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) consortium and supported by the STAMPEDE trial, exhibited higher efficacy in weight reduction and the management of obesity-induced complications such as diabetes. The STAMPEDE trial demonstrated that bariatric surgery, specifically Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), led to a significantly higher percentage of patients achieving desired diabetes treatment targets compared to medical therapy alone. While bariatric surgery showed superior efficacy, it also carried a higher risk of complications. In contrast, semaglutide presented a noninvasive alternative with significant weight reduction and lower incidences of adverse effects. In conclusion, this study highlights that bariatric surgery, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, remains a highly effective intervention for weight loss and management of obesity-induced complications. However, semaglutide represents a valuable noninvasive alternative, offering significant weight reduction and lower risks of adverse effects. The choice between these interventions should be based on individual patient characteristics and a comprehensive assessment of the risk-benefit profile.

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“…It has recently been suggested that combined agonism of the Y2 receptor and the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor may be a useful approach to treating addictive behaviours in humans [87]. GLP-1 agonists have shown independent evidence of efficacy in treating obesity in randomized controlled trials [88]. It is therefore plausible that such drugs could be useful in treating comorbid obesity and depression, particularly when associated with increased food intake or compulsive eating.…”

Section: Synthetic Pharmacological Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Basis of Future Pharmacological Strategies for the Management of Comorbid Obesity and Depression: A Scoping Review

Rajkumar¹

2023

Preprint

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Depression and obesity are highly comorbid with one another, with evidence for bidirectional causal links between each disorder and a shared biological basis. The available evidence suggests that genetic factors play a major role in influencing both the occurrence of comorbid depression and obesity, their courses, and their response to existing treatments. The current paper is a scoping review of studies that have evaluated the contribution of specific genetic variants to the comorbidity between obesity and depression. Based on a search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases, 28 studies were included in this review, covering 54 candidate genes. Positive associations were identified for fourteen genetic loci (AKR1C2, APOA5, COMT, DAT1, FTO, KCNE1, MAOA, MC4R, MCHR2, NPY2R, NR3C1, Ob, PCSK9 and TAL1). Replicated findings across two or more independent samples were observed for the FTO and MC4R genes. Many of these gene products represent novel molecular targets for the pharmacological management of obesity which are not pharmacologically influenced by existing anti-obesity or antidepressant medications. The implications of these associations for future drug development are discussed, with an emphasis on recent evidence on the polygenic architecture of comorbid depression and obesity, and on a precision medicine approach to these conditions.

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Efficacy of Semaglutide in Treating Obesity: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Neuroprotective Peptides and New Strategies for Ischemic Stroke Drug Discoveries

Neuroprotective Peptides and New Strategies for Ischemic Stroke Drug Discoveries

What Is Best for Weight Loss? A Comparative Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery Versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue

The Genetic Basis of Future Pharmacological Strategies for the Management of Comorbid Obesity and Depression: A Scoping Review

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