Efficacy of sanitization protocols in removing parasites in vegetables: A protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis

Maia, Cláudio Márcio de Medeiros; Damasceno, Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves; Seabra, Larissa Mont’Alverne Jucá; Chaves, Gabriela; Dantas, Lívia Maria da Costa; Júnior, Francisco Canindé de Sousa; Assis, Cristiane Fernandes de

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268258

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One limitation of the present study is the restriction of access to unpublished, ongoing, or unregistered studies in the consulted databases. In addition, methodological limitations of primary studies such as the use of low sensitivity and specificity detection methods, reporting biases, and methodological modifications without prior validation may provide results with lower confidence 42 …”

Section: Prevalence Of Helminths In Fresh Vegetablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetables: a narrative literature review

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The consumption of fresh vegetables is related to healthy lifestyle habits present in culinary preparations in different regions. The presence of pathogenic parasites in these foods can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a narrative review of the literature on the prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetable samples. The analysis of the studies published from 2016 to 2022 showed that hookworms and Ascaris lumbricoides are the most common pathogenic helminths in fresh vegetable samples, with a prevalence of up to 73.8% and 55.1%, respectively. In addition, studies have shown associations between the presence of helminths and pathogenic protozoa. The results obtained in this review indicate the urgent need to implement actions at all stages of the vegetable production chain, from the water used in planting irrigation to cleaning before sale to the final consumer. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

show abstract

Section: Prevalence Of Helminths In Fresh Vegetablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, methodological limitations of primary studies such as the use of low sensitivity and specificity detection methods, reporting biases, and methodological modifications without prior validation may provide results with lower confidence. 42…”

Section: Prevalence Of Helminths In Fresh Vegetablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetables: a narrative literature review

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Investigating the Occurrence of Soil-Transmitted Parasites Contaminating Soil, Vegetables, and Green Fodder in the East of Nile Delta, Egypt

Yahia

Etewa

Hoot

et al. 2023

Journal of Parasitology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Food-borne parasites are major sources of human and animal illness, posing severe health risks in places with contaminated soil, poor water quality, cleanliness, and poor sanitation. The usage of untreated organic fertilizers arising from the excreta of the parasites’ definitive hosts either man or animal pollutes the agricultural soil and is reflected in its products of vegetables and green fodders causing serious health problems. Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, this will be the first study that investigated the combination of parasitic contamination of the agricultural soil and its products of raw eaten vegetables and green fodder in East Nile Delta, Egypt. Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the type and degree of contamination caused by parasites in regularly used raw vegetables, green fodder, and soil samples collected from open fields in Egypt’s East Nile Delta. Study Procedures. A cross-sectional study comprised a simple random collection of 400 soil samples, 180 green fodder samples, and as well as 400 vegetable samples, including lettuce, radish, coriander, parsley, dill, watercress, tomatoes, green pepper, cucumber, and carrot, that were gathered throughout one year period from January to December 2021 to represent all seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn). The research locations were chosen from various open green fields and farming regions in Egypt’s East Nile Delta producing ready-to-eat vegetables for human consumptions and planting green fodder for animal feeding. Concentrations, including sedimentation, and flotation, and staining techniques were used to recover the greatest number of parasitic life forms. The parasitic structures discovered were identified using biometric and imaging data and compared with known parasite morphology. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software version 22 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Data were presented in numbers and percentages. P -values equal to or less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. The difference in parasitic contamination among the different categories was compared using the chi-square test. Results. In this investigation, 243 out of 400 soil samples (60.7%) confirmed positive for parasitic contamination ( P < 0.05 ). Various parasitic life forms were significantly found in 249 out of 400 (62.25%) of the vegetable samples, with (65.1%) of them harboring one parasite species, whereas 9.2% significantly contained up to three parasites. Ascaris eggs, Trichuris eggs, and Giardia cysts were the most prevalent parasites, which were predominantly isolated from vegetables with uneven surfaces. 109 of 180 (60.0%) green fodder samples confirmed insignificantly positive for parasitic pollution. The proportion of parasite contamination in vegetable samples was insignificant although the highest was in spring (29.3%), followed by summer (27.7%), whereas it is significant in autumn (24.5%). The prevalence rate was the lowest in winter (20.1%). Conclusion and Recommendations. Our findings demonstrated a significant load of parasites notably the soil-transmitted parasitic infection in raw vegetables and green fodder cultivated in open fields as well as in their mother soil in the east of the Nile Delta, Egypt. These results confirm the urgent need to deploy strict control measures to the soil, especially during the pre-harvest period of raw eaten vegetables and green fodder, a critical step in reducing food-borne transmission of soil-transmitted parasites to man and animals.

show abstract

Effectiveness of sanitization protocols in removing or reducing parasites from vegetables: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Maia,

Damasceno,

Seabra

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Parasitic contamination in vegetables is a reality in several countries and a challenge for food safety. The risk of consumption usually raw, associated with failures in good practices of production, transportation, and preparation further increase the possibility of ingesting contaminated food. Given this, a systematic review was carried out to scientifically demonstrate the effectiveness of sanitization protocols in the parasitic decontamination of plants. Methods This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Cochrane Manual, being registered in the PROSPERO protocol base (CRD42020206929) and reported according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. The review evaluated studies published in the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, FSTA, LILACS, and AGRIS databases, as well as manual searches of related articles, references, and theses and dissertations directories. The meta-analysis was performed using the Revman 5 software program, the bias assessment used the Robins I Tools with some adaptations, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Discussion The review included a total of 31 studies, most of which were carried out in countries with a high incidence of plant parasites, such as Brazil and Iran. Interventions combined with 200ppm chlorination preceded by brushing, rinsing, or immersion in detergent showed the greatest efficiency in parasitic decontamination. Despite the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in the primary studies, this review can inspire the planning of new studies which observe the critical and methodological evaluation for research in the field of food safety.

show abstract

Efficacy of sanitization protocols in removing parasites in vegetables: A protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetables: a narrative literature review

Prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetables: a narrative literature review

Investigating the Occurrence of Soil-Transmitted Parasites Contaminating Soil, Vegetables, and Green Fodder in the East of Nile Delta, Egypt

Effectiveness of sanitization protocols in removing or reducing parasites from vegetables: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About