Efficacy of Saflufenacil for Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (<i>Conyza canadensis</i>) as Affected by Height, Density, and Time of Day

Budd, Christopher M.; Soltani, Nader; Robinson, Darren E.; Hooker, David C.; Miller, Robert T.; Sikkema, Peter H.

doi:10.1017/wsc.2016.24

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Saflufenacil is a relatively new herbicide in Australia and it has been found effective on other Asteraceae species, such as Conyza canadensis 26 . In our study, this herbicide provided poor control of B. pilosa ; however, saflufenacil is not registered to control B. pilosa in Australia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination ecology of Bidens pilosa and its implications for weed management

Chauhan

Ali

Florentine

2019

Sci Rep

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It is now widely recognized that Bidens pilosa has become a problematic broadleaf weed in many ecosystems across the world and, particularly in the light of recent climate change conditions, closer management strategies are required to curtail its impact on agricultural cropping. In this investigation, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on the germination and emergence of B. pilosa, and also on the response of this weed to commonly available post-emergence herbicides in Australia. The environmental factors of particular interest to this current work were the effect of light and temperature, salinity, burial depth and moisture on B. pilosa since these are key management issues in Australian agriculture. In addition, the effects of a number of commonly used herbicides were examined, because of concerns regarding emerging herbicide resistance. In the tested light/dark regimes, germination was found to be higher at fluctuating day/night temperatures of 25/15 °C and 30/20 °C (92–93%) than at 35/25 °C (79%), whilst across the different temperature ranges, germination was higher in the light/dark regime (79–93%) than in complete darkness (22–38%). The standard five-minute temperature pretreatment required for 50% inhibition of maximum germination was found to be 160 °C, and it was further shown that no seeds germinated at temperatures higher than 240 °C. With regard to salinity, some B. pilosa seeds germinated (3%) in 200 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) but all failed to germinate at 250 mM NaCl. Germination declined from 89% to 2% as the external osmotic potential decreased from 0 to −0.6 MPa, and germination ceased at −0.8 MPa. Seeding emergence of B. pilosa was maximum (71%) for seeds placed on the soil surface and it was found that no seedlings emerged from a depth of 8 cm or greater. A depth of 3.75 cm was required to inhibit the seeds to 50% of the maximum emergence. In this study, application of glufosinate, glyphosate and paraquat provided commercially acceptable control levels (generally accepted as >90%) when applied at the four-leaf stage of B. pilosa. However, none of the herbicide treatments involved in this study provided this level of control when applied at the six-leaf stage. In summary, B. pilosa germination has been clearly shown to be stimulated by light and thus its emergence was greatest from the soil surface. This suggests that infestation from this weed will remain as a problem in no-till conservation agriculture systems, the use of which is increasing now throughout the world. It is intended that information generated from this study be used to develop more effective integrated management programs for B. pilosa and similar weeds in commercial agricultural environments which are tending toward conservation approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination ecology of Bidens pilosa and its implications for weed management

Chauhan

Ali

Florentine

2019

Sci Rep

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“…Knowledge of the influence of climatic and edaphic factors on the germination and emergence behavior of seeds or other propagules is important for understanding the distribution and biology of a species, as well as determining its management practices [ 12 , 13 ]. Due to their wide distribution and marked harmfulness as weeds, these three invasive species have been investigated in detail [ 14 – 24 ], but very little is known about their adaptation to invaded habitats. To increase our knowledge on their advantages and limitations as invasive species, the present study investigated the responses of seed germination in C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination response to high temperature and water stress in three invasive Asteraceae weeds from Xishuangbanna, SW China

Xia

Wen

2018

PLoS ONE

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Crassocephalum crepidioides, Conyza canadensis, and Ageratum conyzoides are alien annuals naturalized in China, which produce a large number of viable seeds every year. They widely grow in Xishuangbanna, becoming troublesome weeds that compete with crops for water and nutrients. As seed germination is among the most important life-stages which contribute to plant distribution and invasiveness, its adaptation to temperature and water stress were investigated in these three species. Results showed that: (1) These three species have wide temperature ranges to allow seed germination, i.e., high germination and seedling percentages were achieved between 15°C and 30°C, but germination was seriously inhibited at 35°C; only A. conyzoides demonstrated relative preference for warmer temperatures with approximately 25% germination and seedling percentage at 35°C; (2) light was a vital germination prerequisite for C. crepidioides and A. conyzoides, whereas most C. canadensis seeds germinated in full darkness; (3) Although all three species have good adaptation to bare ground habitat characterized by high temperatures and water stress, including their tolerance to soil surface temperatures of 70°C in air-dried seeds, A. conyzoides seeds exhibited higher tolerance to both continuous and daily periodic high-temperature treatment at 40°C, and to water restriction (e.g., ca. 65% seeds germinated to -0.8 MPa created by NaCl), which is consistent with their field behavior in Xishuangbanna. This study suggests that seed high-temperature tolerance contributes to the weed attributes of these three species, and that adaptation to local micro-habitats is a critical determinant for invasiveness of an alien plant.

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“…The author also suggested that saflufenacil could be an effective burndown herbicide for control of P. hysterophorus populations resistant to glyphosate. In another study, the height of C. canadensis had little effect on saflufenacil efficacy, which provided 95 to 99% control of the weed when applied to small plants or >25-cm tall plants [31]. The authors suggested that the time of day of application had a greater effect on weed control with saflufenacil than weed height or weed density; however, we did not evaluate the effect of time of application on saflufenacil efficacy.…”

Section: Herbicidementioning

confidence: 75%

Glyphosate Resistance in Sonchus oleraceus and Alternative Herbicide Options for Its Control in Southeast Australia

Chauhan

Jha

2020

Sustainability

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Sonchus oleraceus is becoming a hard-to-control weed in Australian cropping systems, especially in glyphosate-tolerant cotton and during summer fallows. Several biotypes of this weed have developed resistance to glyphosate as a result of common management practices under conservation agriculture systems in the country. A series of pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature on glyphosate efficacy and performance of several post-emergence and pre-emergence herbicides on a glyphosate-resistant (GR) and a glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotype of S. oleraceus. At low temperatures (19–24 °C), no plants of the GS biotype survived glyphosate application at 570 g/ha; however, in the high-temperature regime (28–30 °C), 83% of the plants survived this rate of glyphosate. Similarly, for the GR biotype, up to 58% of the plants survived at 2280 g/ha of glyphosate when applied during the high-temperature regime and no plants survived this rate during the low-temperature regime. A number of post-emergence herbicides were found to be effective for S. oleraceus control. However, herbicide application delayed to the six-leaf stage compared with the four-leaf stage reduced control, especially for bromoxynil and saflufenacil herbicides. Glufosinate and paraquat were the most effective herbicides for S. oleraceus control, resulting in no seedling survival for both biotypes. Isoxaflutole, pendimethalin or s-metolachlor efficacy was not reduced by the presence of crop residue, suggesting that these herbicides could be used to control S. oleraceus in conservation agriculture systems. The results of this study suggest that growers will need to reduce over-reliance on glyphosate for weed control in summer fallows and use alternative post-emergence herbicides.

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Efficacy of Saflufenacil for Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) as Affected by Height, Density, and Time of Day

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Seed germination ecology of Bidens pilosa and its implications for weed management

Seed germination ecology of Bidens pilosa and its implications for weed management

Seed germination response to high temperature and water stress in three invasive Asteraceae weeds from Xishuangbanna, SW China

Glyphosate Resistance in Sonchus oleraceus and Alternative Herbicide Options for Its Control in Southeast Australia

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