Efficacy of proline in the treatment of menopause

Nam, Sun‐Young; Yoou, Myoung-schook; Kim, Hyung-Min; Jeong, Hyun‐Ja

doi:10.1177/1535370216629011

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The GC-MS result shows in Table 4 ; methyl-proline and L-proline were increased during OVX and recovered after administration of tamoxifen and R. officinale root extract. This result was similar to that of other researchers;[ 28 29 ] these amino acids increased, indicating that bone collagen type 1 synthesis increases the density of bone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Rhaponticin contained Rheum officinale root extract improved Postmenopause symptom of Ovariectomized Rat

Bahtiar

Setyowati

Mahanani

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Technol Res

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A BSTRACT Postmenopausal women have decreased levels of the hormone estrogen. Reduced estrogen levels will often involve many symptoms that reduced quality of life. This research aims to analyze the effects of Rheum officinale root extract on postmenopausal model rats. To this end, thirty rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) surgery and six rats were operated without having their ovaries removed. The OVX was confirmed by body weight–uterus weight ratio and a vaginal swab. Six groups of the rats were performed: SHAM group and negative control groups are given vehicle; the positive control was assigned tamoxifen; and the extract has been given three doses 7, 35, and 175 mg/200 g BW, respectively, for 30 days. The calcium content of bone ash was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Blood pressure was evaluated using CODA ® , and the metabolites in the blood were assessed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography. As a result, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS, we found that the extract's major component was rhaponticin and its metabolites. The bone calcium levels increased with increasing doses of the extract. In the OVX group, the bone calcium content was decreased significantly 51.56% ± 8.9% g compared with the SHAM group 62.97% ±5.6% g, and the administration of Rheum extract could restore the calcium content of the bone to become 69.27% ± 3.8% g. From the above data, we concluded that Rheum root extracts contain astrigin, rhaponticin, rhapontigenin, and desoxyrhaponticin. Rheum root extract could improve calcium content and lipid profiles of OVX rats by stimulation osteoblastogenesis. Rheum root extracts could control the blood pressure of OVX rats by reducing lipid profiles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Rhaponticin contained Rheum officinale root extract improved Postmenopause symptom of Ovariectomized Rat

Bahtiar

Setyowati

Mahanani

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Technol Res

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“…However, we found that the serum threonine level was positively associated with BMD among young women. Stachydrine is a derivative of proline, which has shown a beneficial effect on enhancing BMD through increasing serum estradiol and alkaline phosphatase levels and decreasing serum luteinizing hormone in OVX mice [ 37 ]. Formylkynurenine is a metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic profiles associated with bone mineral density in US Caucasian women

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2018

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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BackgroundIndividuals’ peak bone mineral density (BMD) achieved and maintained at ages 20–40 years is the most powerful predictor of low bone mass and osteoporotic fractures later in life. The aim of this study was to identify metabolomic factors associated with peak BMD variation in US Caucasian women.MethodsA total of 136 women aged 20–40 years, including 65 subjects with low and 71 with high hip BMD, were enrolled. The serum metabolites were assessed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method and logistic regression models were used, respectively, to examine the associations of metabolomic profiles and individual metabolites with BMD.ResultsThe low and high BMD groups could be differentiated by the detected serum metabolites using PLS-DA (P permutation = 0.008). A total of 14 metabolites, including seven amino acids and amino acid derivatives, five lipids (including three bile acids), and two organic acids, were significantly associated with the risk for low BMD. Most of these metabolites are novel in that they have never been linked with BMD in humans earlier. The prediction model including the newly identified metabolites significantly improved the classification of the groups with low and high BMD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve without and with metabolites were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83–0.94) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99), respectively (P for the difference = 0.0004).ConclusionMetabolomic profiling may improve the risk prediction of osteoporosis among Caucasian women. Our findings also suggest the potential importance of the metabolism of amino acids and bile acids in bone health.

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“…In ovariectomized mice, oral proline administration reduced body weight and luteinizing hormone levels, increased estradiol and alkaline phosphatase levels, and improved bone mineral density. The authors suggested proline as a promising option for menopause treatment [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

Naufel,

Pedroso,

de Souza

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Depression will be the disease with the highest incidence worldwide by 2030. Data indicate that postmenopausal women have a higher incidence of mood disorders, and this high vulnerability seems to be related to hormonal changes and weight gain. Although research evaluating the profile of metabolites in mood disorders is advancing, further research, maintaining consistent methodology, is necessary to reach a consensus. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to carry out an exploratory analysis of the plasma polar metabolites of pre- and postmenopausal women to explore whether the profile is affected by depression. The plasma analysis of 50 polar metabolites was carried out in a total of 67 postmenopausal women, aged between 50 and 65 years, either without depression (n = 25) or with depression symptoms (n = 42), which had spontaneous onset of menopause and were not in use of hormone replacement therapy, insulin, or antidepressants; and in 42 healthy premenopausal women (21 without depression and 21 with depression symptoms), aged between 40 and 50 years and who were not in use of contraceptives, insulin, or antidepressants. Ten metabolites were significantly affected by depression symptoms postmenopause, including adenosine (FDR = 3.778 × 10−14), guanosine (FDR = 3.001 × 10−14), proline (FDR = 1.430 × 10−6), citrulline (FDR = 0.0001), lysine (FDR = 0.0004), and carnitine (FDR = 0.0331), which were down-regulated, and dimethylglycine (FDR = 0.0022), glutathione (FDR = 0.0048), creatine (FDR = 0.0286), and methionine (FDR = 0.0484) that were up-regulated. In premenopausal women with depression, oxidized glutathione (FDR = 0.0137) was down-regulated, and dimethylglycine (FDR = 0.0406) and 4-hydroxyproline (FDR = 0.0433) were up-regulated. The present study provided new data concerning the consequences of depression on plasma polar metabolites before and after the establishment of menopause. The results demonstrated that the postmenopausal condition presented more alterations than the premenopausal period and may indicate future measures to treat the disturbances involved in both menopause and depression.

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Efficacy of proline in the treatment of menopause

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Rhaponticin contained Rheum officinale root extract improved Postmenopause symptom of Ovariectomized Rat

Rhaponticin contained Rheum officinale root extract improved Postmenopause symptom of Ovariectomized Rat

Metabolomic profiles associated with bone mineral density in US Caucasian women

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

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