Efficacy of Preoperative Music Intervention on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of preoperative music exposure on intra- and post-operative pain during cataract surgery. This study was conducted alongside a prospective single-masked randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02892825). Patients undergoing first eye cataract surgery were included and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Patients in the intervention group had a 20-min music session through earphones before surgery, while patients in the control group wore earphones without music. Anxiety level evaluated using the visual analog scale and heart rate were collected before and after music intervention. Pain level was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, during the surgical procedure, prior to discharge and 7 days postoperatively. A total of 243 patients were included: 119 in the intervention group and 124 in the control group. No significant differences in baseline characteristics, including age, sex and rate of treated hypertension were found between the 2 groups (all p-values > 0.05). In addition, no significantly differences were found in heart rate and anxiety level before music intervention between the 2 groups (all p-values > 0.05). Conversely, anxiety level was significantly lower in the music group after the intervention (respectively, 1.3 ± 1.1 vs 3.2 ± 2.2; p < 0.05). Patients in the music group reported a lower mean pain level during surgical procedure and before discharge compared with control group (respectively, 1.2 ± 0.5 vs 2.1 ± 1.1, p = 0.03 and 0.23 ± 0.4 vs 0.81 ± 0.7, p = 0.04). No difference was found in pain level 7 days postoperatively (0.1 ± 0.3 vs 0.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.1). A significant correlation was found between anxiety level and intraoperative pain level (R = 0.64, p = 0.02). In conclusion, music intervention was effective in reducing anxiety level and self-reported pain both during surgery and in the early postoperative period.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home, identifier NCT02892825.

Effect of Patient Centered Care on Self-care practices and Satisfaction among Patients with Cataract Surgery

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Adjuvant music therapy for patients with hypertension: a meta-analysis and systematic review

“…The effects and mechanisms of music therapy in the treatment of hypertension may be explained in following aspects. Firstly, it has been reported that when the sound waves of music act on the brain, it increases the excitability of the nervous system and promotes the secretion of hormones such as acetylcholine, thereby slowing down the heart rate [ 40 – 42 ]. Secondly, music diverts the patient’s attention to the disease, reduces sympathetic nerve excitability, produces sedative and antihypertensive effects, and regulates endocrine to reduce renin-angiotensin II secretion to reduce blood pressure [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Effect of music intervention on subjective scores, heart rate variability, and prefrontal hemodynamics in patients with chronic pain

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