Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Reduction of the Resorption of the Alveolar Cleft Bone Graft. A Comparative Study

Abstract

Aims and objectives: The reconstruction of the alveolar cleft is usually achieved through an autologous bone graft and associated with unpredictable results. We sought to analyse the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in reduction of the resorption of the alveolar cleft bone graft. Patients and methods: 20 nonsyndromic patients with unilateral alveolar clefts treated with alveolar bone grafting during the period between June 2005 and December 2008 were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: In Group 1: the patients treated by autogenous bone graft with Platelet-Rich Plasma. In Group 2: the patient treated by autogenous bone graft only. Clinical and radiological follow-up examinations were carried out at 1, 6 and 12 months. The osseous resorption method was evaluated with the use of digital panoramic radiograph. Results: After 1 month, all cases in the two groups showed Grade I bone resorption. After 6 and 12 months, Group 1 showed higher prevalence of Grade I but with no statistically significant difference compared to Group 2. Of the 10 patients in Group 2, three patients with Grade III bone resorption underwent subsequent alveolar bone graft from intraoral sites (mandibular symphysis, lateral cortex of the mandibular ramus or combination of the previous sites), while one case with Grade IV bone resorption (failed bone graft) was treated by intraoral distraction osteogenesis. Conclusion: Based on the results presented in this study, it is possible to conclude that a more favourable result can be achieved with application of PRP to the alveolar bone graft.

Impact of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Height Changes around Platform Switched Implants Supporting Mandibular Overdentures in Controlled Diabetic Patients

“…The data of this study showed that PRP does not accelerate bone formation. The studies of Zechener et al, [ 18 ] and Marx et al, [ 19 ] support our results. PRP contribute optimizing and accelerating the osseointegration process through its osteoconductive properties attributed to fibrin and its osteoinductive activity [ 20 ].…”

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Secondary Cleft Alveolar Bone Grafting

“…This was in accordance with the finding of Marukawa et al who used PRF to promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption in alveolar cleft reconstruction. 15 In the present study, PRF was added to the autogenous cancellous bone graft in study group for alveolar cleft reconstruction and study group patients (PRF) showed more radiopacity indicating presence of dense bone at 3, 6, and 9 months follow-up compared with control group. Radiopacity of adjacent tooth to the cleft was used to assess the bone formation and density as it remains constant.…”

Evaluation of density, volume, height and rate of bone resorption of substitutes of autologous bone grafts for the repair of alveolar clefts in humans: A systematic review

“…(2009) Unclear Unclear No Yes Yes No No 3- High risk Dickinson et al. (2008) Adequate Unclear Yes Yes Yes No Yes 2- Unclear Hegab and Shuman (2012) Adequate Unclear No Yes Yes No No 3- High risk Segura-Castillo et al. (2005) Adequate Adequate Yes Yes Yes No No 1- Low risk Xiao et al.…”

“…(2015) 10 10 PCT Mixture of HAp gel and iliac bone 9: Iliac bone 1: Autologous jawbone 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively Oclussal radiography after 1, 3 and 6 months HAp gel with autologous bone is as effective as autologous bone alone and can reduce the volume of the autologous bone required. 3- High risk Hegab and Shuman (2012) 10 10 PCT Autogenous iliac bone graft with PRP Iliac bone 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively Digital panoramic radiography after 1, 6, and 12 months The application of PRP is more favorable to that of alveolar bone grafts. 3- High risk Marukawa et al.…”

“…Ten studies conducted on autologous bone grafts from the iliac crest combined with different biomaterials were found. These materials were as follows: HA ( Takemaru et al., 2016 ; Iwai et al., 2015 ), acellular dermal matrix film ( Xiao et al., 2016 ), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) ( Shawky and Seifeldin, 2016 ; Hegab and Shuman, 2012 ; Marukawa et al., 2011 ; Luaces-Rey et al., 2010 ; Lee et al., 2009 ), deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) ( Thuaksuban et al., 2010 ), and fibrin glue ( Segura-Castillo et al., 2005 ). The control group in these studies was treated with bone grafts from the iliac crest or mandibular bone.…”