Efficacy of new irrigating solution on smear layer removal in apical third of root canal: A scanning electron microscope study

Abstract

Aims:The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate and compare the smear layer removal efficacy of etidronic acid-based irrigating solution with others in the apical third of the root canal.Materials and Methods:Forty human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were taken and decoronated to standardize the canal length. After biomechanical preparation, teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10) and the final irrigation was carried out with tested irrigants. Group I: normal saline (negative control); Group II: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with surfactant and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with surfactant; Group III: freshly mixed BioPure MTAD; and Group IV: freshly mixed Chloroquick solution. The teeth were split into two halves and observed under a scanning electron microscope to analyze the amount of smear layer present.Statistical Analysis:Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney test.Results:Group II (5.25% NaOCl with surfactant followed by 17% EDTA with surfactant) showed least smear layer scores (1.1 ± 0.3162). This was followed by Group III (MTAD) (2.2 ± 0.4216) and then Group IV (Chloroquick) (2.4 ± 0.5164).Conclusion:Sequential use of 5.25% NaOCl with surfactant and 17% EDTA with surfactant was found to be the most efficient than MTAD and Chloroquick in the removal of smear layer in the apical third of root canal.

Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal by Activation Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid 17% with Erbium Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet and Diode Laser: Scanning Electron Microscopy

“…The SL reduction by NaOCl 5.25% + EDTA 17% has been proved to be effective by many authors (Goldman et al, 1981;Gutmann et al, 1994). In the current study, the samples that were irrigated by NaOCl+EDTA consecutively aided in reduction of SL from the coronal third of the canal walls and had eliminated SL in the middle third while in the apical third heavy SL existed at the apical third relatively comparative results obtained by study carried out by Patil et al, 2018. Moreover, this is a heavy SL in the apical third of the canal samples that treated by NaOCl+EDTA may be attributed to the small size of apical third and the apical vapor lock effect (Gutknecht et al, 2004) which considered as an obstacle that preventing the circulation and action of the irrigation.…”

Efficacy of Multiple Rotary File Systems in Retreatment of Oval-shaped Root Canals in Mandibular Molars: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

“…It was therefore expected that the use of Biopuer MTAD or 17% EDTA would help eliminating such smear layer and improves the tubular penetration of the root canal sealer (25) . Biopuer MTAD eliminate the smear layer by active ingredient of 4.25% citric acid (25) , whereas removal of the smear layer using 17% EDTA is known to contribute to creating an efficient microretention (26) . In this study, neither of the two irrigants used for removing the smear layer during the primary root canal treatment with bioceramic sealer had statistically significant difference regarding the residual volume of filling material in the canals.…”

Comparison of efficacy of ozonated water, normal saline, and povidone-iodine after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: A cross-sectional study

“…[ 10 11 ] Irrigation is primarily used to flush away organic and inorganic debris. [ 12 ] Numerous irrigating solutions have been used during third molar surgeries. These include normal saline, Ringer's lactate, ozonated water, 1% povidone-iodine, ozone, etc., The primary reason for using irrigating solutions is the prevention of irreversible bone necrosis resulting due to heat generation.…”