Efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) callus and cells suspension extracts against three lepidopteron insects of cotton

Abstract

The efficacy of various preparations of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) (NCE1) and cells suspension extracts (NCE2) was evaluated against three cotton insects including pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and leafworm (Spodoptera litura). The cotton leaves and medium size excised bolls were sprayed with different dilutions of NCE1 and NCE2 and 3rd instar larvae were incubated. The dilutions T1 (1:10 v/v Extract: D.H 2 O) and T2 (1:100 v/v Extract: D.H 2 O) of both NCE1 and NCE2 showed highly significant results as almost 100% mortality was recorded after 2 to 3 days hours of larvae incubation. The larvae showed a repellent behavior, decrease in weight, and negligible leaf area damage. The preparation T3 (1:1000 v/v Extract: D.H 2 O) showed 76 to 84% mortality, T4 (1:10000 v/v Extract: D.H 2 O) 28 to 72%, and T5 (1:10000 v/v Extract: D.H 2 O) 12 to 40% mortality after the 5th day of incubation. The larvae also showed repellent to non repellent behavior, slow to moderate feeding activity with gradual increase of leaf area damage as extract preparations were diluted from T1 to T3. The control showed 96 to 100% survival of all the three insect species with active feeding activity, increase in insect weight and more than 50% leaf area damage after 2nd day of incubation. In conclusion, the extracts of callus and cell suspensions of neem have insecticidal potential that showed significant mortality response against three bioassayed insects.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK AQUEOUS DAUN PEPAYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN IMAGO, FEKUNDITAS DAN FERTILITAS Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. SMITH

“…Diduga ekstrak aqueous daun pepaya tidak memiliki cara kerja (mode of action) sebagai penghambat proses metamorfosis serangga uji. Umumnya, senyawa-senyawa pestisida nabati tertentu memiliki kemampuan sebagai peniru hormon yang dapat mengacaukan aktivitas hormonal pada serangga seperti pada ekstrak Azadirachta indica (Rafiq et al, 2012). Hormon juvenil dan hormon ecdysone merupakan hormon penting yang mengatur proses metamorphosis serangga, maka apabila hormon tersebut terganggu pembentuakan imago akan ikut terganggu (Trisyono, 2019).…”