Efficacy of measles vaccine interlinked with potency and storage

Arya, Subhash C.; Agarwal, Nitin

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2003.10.019

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Attenuated MV vaccines are easily inactivated when the cold chain required for vaccine maintenance is discontinued (4), whereas the inactivated TT component of trivalent vaccines has a remarkable stability independent of storage temperature. Interruption of cold-chain facilities might represent a problem in temperate regions of low socioeconomic income, like suburban Buenos Aires neighborhoods (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Individuals in Argentina Who Received a One-Dose Vaccine

et al. 2006

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In spite of active measles virus (MV) vaccination strategies, reemergence continues to occur, impairing global eradication programs. The immune status against measles was evaluated in 350 vaccinated healthy Argentine children and teenagers who received a single dose of the MV Schwarz strain Lirugen vaccine (Aventis Pasteur). Sera were assessed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Enzygnost; Behring), an in-house EIA, and neutralization EIA. Results obtained with these methods showed a marked decline in IgG level with increasing age. At 1 to 4 years of age, 84% of children had IgG antibodies above 200 mIU/ml, conventionally accepted as protective levels, whereas only 32% of older children and teenagers had antibody levels exceeding 200 mIU/ml. Moreover, the MV IgG content in the teenage group was significantly lower than the IgG antibody level of the group of younger children (P < 0.0001). In contrast, screening for IgG antibody levels to inactivated tetanus vaccine showed that, on average, 80% of this population was fully protected and that this high level of protection remained through the teenage years. This study suggests that within this population a considerable proportion of individuals had low measles antibody levels that may be insufficient to protect against reinfections or clinical disease.In the early 1960s, the advent of a live attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccine dramatically reduced the incidence of measles in many parts of the world, including developed (12,16,20,29,30,35,49,52) and developing (28, 58) countries. In some developing countries, fatality rates for measles can still be as high as 15%, causing about 770,000 annual deaths among infants and children, and this is probably due to lack of vaccination of many individuals in the population.Elimination of MV requires the continued commitment to increase vaccination coverage levels, the genetic analysis of circulating strains, and serosurveys of vaccinated individuals to establish the population at risk of contracting the infection. In this context, it is very important that reliable and sensitive laboratory methods are used to accurately determine the antibody level and protection achieved after vaccination and the level of antibodies that persists in those who were previously vaccinated.Despite active vaccination strategies, reemergence or resurgence of MV continues to occur, impairing elimination programs. The occurrence of several measles outbreaks in highly immunized populations (5, 34, 40, 51) has focused attention on vaccine efficacy and the durability of vaccine-induced immunity. It is likely that many factors contribute to the presence of susceptible individuals among highly vaccinated populations. These include failure to seroconvert and decline of immunity with time after vaccination (19, 37). Other important factors that might influence the immune response comprise the age at the time of vaccination (27, 33), the number of doses, and the strain included in the vaccine (18,23,28).High vacci...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Individuals in Argentina Who Received a One-Dose Vaccine

et al. 2006

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“…Another difference is Jones et al [3] measured the sample at the denaturing temperature in comparison to room temperature in this work. The buffer difference in vaccine preparation may also play an important role in the structural stability of BSA [20]. The thermal effect on the stability of absorbed BSA and BLG is not the same.…”

Section: Structural Stability Of Protein Antigens At Different Tempermentioning

confidence: 99%

The structural stability of protein antigens adsorbed by aluminium hydroxide in comparison to the antigens in solutions

Lai

Ipsen

Larsen

et al. 2007

Journal of Spectroscopy

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It is believed that antigens should be adsorbed onto adjuvants in vaccines. The adsorption-modified structure of antigens is important to understand the mechanism of adjuvants and vaccine immunogenicity. The structural stability of antigens is of major importance. The changes in structure can be induced by degradation and/or increase of storage temperature. In this study the structural stability of two model antigens, bovine serum albumin (BSA) andβ-lactoglobulin (BLG) were compared when they were adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide and when they were in solutions using Fourier transform infrared – attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy. The structural stability of these two proteins was studied at different temperature and during storages. The present results showed that the structure of antigens can be stabilized by adsorption onto aluminium hydroxide. Non-adsorbed protein antigens present in vaccines may facilitate the degradation of the vaccine.

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“…Reconstituted MMRV vaccine can be stored at room temperature between 20°C to 25°C (68 °F to 77 °F), protected from light, but for a shorter interval than the MMR vaccine—for up to 30 minutes . The cold chain for transportation and storage of the live attenuated virus constituting measles vaccine is essential, which complicates vaccine delivery in areas with poor healthcare infrastructure …”

Section: Components and Storage Of The Mmr And Mmrv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%