Efficacy of lytic Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in mice

Abstract

Introduction: The use of bacteriophages as an alternative treatment method against multidrug-resistant bacteria has not been explored in Kenya. This study sought to determine the efficacy of environmentally obtained lytic bacteriophage against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) bacterium in mice. Methodology: Staphylococcus aureus bacterium and S. aureus-specific lytic phage were isolated from sewage and wastewater collected within Nairobi County, Kenya. Thirty mice were randomly assigned into three groups: MDRSA infection group (n = 20), phage-infection group (n = 5), and non-infection group (n = 5). The MDRSA infection group was further subdivided into three groups: clindamycin treatment (8 mg/kg; n = 5), lytic phage treatment (10 8 PFU/mL (n = 5), and a combination treatment of clindamycin and lytic phage (n = 5). Treatments were done at either 24 or 72 hours post-infection (p.i), and data on efficacy, bacterial load, and animal physical health were collected. Results: Treatment with phage was more effective (100%) than with clindamycin (62.25% at 24 hours p.i and 87.5% at 72 hours p.i.) or combination treatment (75% at 24 hours p.i. and 90% at 72 hours p.i.) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results show that the environmentally obtained S. aureus lytic bacteriophage has therapeutic potential against MDRSA bacterium in mice.

Phage Therapy as a Promising New Treatment for Lung Infection Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Mice

“…These clinical trials delineate the extent to which bacteriophage-based therapeutics could be used and provide a promising future for phage therapy. Mouse, mink, and primate lung infections models have been used for assessing the efficiencies of phage-based treatments but few of them is designed to rescue CRAB lung infections ( Gu et al, 2016 ; Oduor et al, 2016 ). In the present study, we isolated a new bacteriophage, SH-Ab15519, which could effectively control lung infections that is caused by a clinical CRAB both in vitro and in vivo .…”

Means to Facilitate the Overcoming of Gastric Juice Barrier by a Therapeutic Staphylococcal Bacteriophage A5/80

“…Due to their unique mechanism of antibacterial action phages are able to combat bacteria irrespectively to bacterial antibiotic resistance profiles (Chan et al, 2013, 2016; Cao et al, 2015; Oduor et al, 2016; Ozkan et al, 2016). Phages use specific receptors at the surface of bacterial cells to recognize targeted bacteria (Rakhuba et al, 2010).…”

Animal Models of Phage Therapy

“…Most subsequent work has examined infections with P. aeruginosa and E. coli, though other studied bacterial species have included S. aureus, A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, S. enterica, Pasteurella multocida, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Capparelli et al, 2007;Capparelli et al, 2010;Hung et al, 2011;Jun et al, 2014;Oduor et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2019;Leshkasheli et al, 2019). Studies often show that efficacy depends on the timing of administration.…”