Efficacy of Janus kinase inhibitors in adult patients with alopecia areata

Abstract

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder resulting in localized hair loss due to targeting hair follicle epithelium. The authors aimed to summarize the existing literature on patients with AA who underwent treatment with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) and discuss the current evidence regarding their efficacy and safety. An extensive scientific literature search was conducted between January 1, 2017, and April 16, 2023, using a recognized medical and scientific database. The extracted data were synthesized and analyzed, focusing on the effect of JAKis in reducing hair loss in adult patients with AA. The evidence suggests that oral JAKis such as tofacitinib, ruxolitinib, and Baricitinib show promise in treating AA regarding both efficacy and safety. The group of drugs JAKis are a good treatment option even in severe clinical conditions of AA, further investigation should be taken to consideration including dosage and treatment duration.