Efficacy ofPlectranthus amboinicus(Lour.) Spreng in a Murine Model of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusSkin Abscesses

Abstract

The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng against MRSA clinical isolates. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE), the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction and its subfractions were determined by broth microdilution and bioautography against MRSA clinical isolates. The microdilution checkerboard method was used to assess in vitro drug combination studies. To induce abscess formation, bacterial suspensions were added to Citodex and inoculated subcutaneously into male Swiss mice. The treatment protocol consisted of 2 doses of HE, the EA fraction or vancomycin introduced intraperitoneally into mice 3 and 12 h after infection. The EA fraction and its subfractions presented the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC, 0.25 to 0.5 mg/mL). The plant samples were bacteriostatic at 2x and 4x MIC and bactericidal at 100 mg/mL. The EA fraction presented synergism with vancomycin and an additive effect with ciprofloxacin. A significant reduction of abscess volume, bacterial cell counts in abscess slurries, and inflammatory scores was observed in the HE and EA fraction-treated groups. The samples were effective in treating the animals in a dose-dependent fashion. The present study proved the effectiveness of P. amboinicus fractions against MRSA using in vitro and in vivo assays.

Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus

“…However, the last decade witnessed a large increase of scientific interest in P. amboinicus research, as evidenced by increasing numbers of publications related to the bioactivities of P. amboinicus. This plant extract exhibited antibacterial activity against methicillinresistant Staphylococus aureus in a murine model [4], and was proven effective against reproductive tract infections by Candida albicans, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae [5]. It has been reported that P. amboinicus possesses anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities [6], larvicidal [7], and antithrombotic and antioxidant activities [8].…”

“…amboinicus . This plant extract exhibited antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococus aureus in a murine model [ 4 ], and was proven effective against reproductive tract infections by Candida albicans , Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 5 ]. It has been reported that P .…”

Rhodomyrtone Modulates Innate Immune Responses of THP-1 Monocytes to Assist in Clearing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Various compounds from medicinal plants can be used to treat and prevent infections, and enhance immune function [6] , [7] . However, only a few medicinal plant extracts have been shown to assist the host immune system to overcome infection with antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus [8] , [9] . Rhodomyrtone, a bioactive compound from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa , has pronounced antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive bacteria, including S. aureus and MRSA [10] , [11] .…”

Production, characterization and antibacterial activity of prodigiosin pigment produced by Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL associated with a marine macroalgae Enteromorpha sp.

“…The quantitative measurement of MIC values indicates that the extracellular extract has higher antibacterial activity compared to intracellular extract (p < 0.05). The ability of extracellular pigment extract of P. rubra BF1A IBRL to inhibit S. aureus and S. aureus (MRSA) to a greatest extent is an advantage because of the alarming resistance of the strain towards many antibiotics, which caused by the occurrence of mecA gene (gene that encodes resistance to methycillin) in the DNA of MRSA strain (De Olivera et al, 2013).…”